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"lai; unrun-5iniln"5oinveucu, , 

Siuum lit tite iKcU jo gicji."— SillKlm fflieiiier. 

SPACE there is for all to travel, therefore is the world so wide." 
The man or woman who loves Nature for Nature's sake, loves 
the mountains best. It is their rugged crests which show forth 
the temper of the dav. They smile in sunshine and frown m storm 
and in the great creases of their rugged faces lie the deep shadows o. 
the niiiht while yet the noonday sun is high. There is nothing else m 
Nature which so inspires one to purer thoughts or so truly marks 
the insignificance of man, as the mountains. Ihe baubles and 
necessities of life men may buy with money. 1 o the rich may be given 
the power to surround themselves with luxuries— the handiwork of man 
—and art the product of painters' skill ; but Nature has spread her can- 
vas with k gorgeous scheme of coloring, with a depth and grandeur ot 
background of which the finest paintings ever produced are but the 
feeblest imitations, the veriest mockeries. The handiwork of man may 
be shut within walls and viewed by but the favored few, but Nature s 
beauties are unveiled to all, the rich and the poor alike, and it is not 
the touch of gold, but the responsiveness of an artistic soul which is 
the open sesame to their enjoyment. Yet Natiire, prodigal though sdie 
may be, has bestowed her brightest jewels with far from lavish hands 
It is but here and there that she has moulded her choicest gems and left 
them unveiled for man s enjovment. But m no part of the world has 
she brought into happier combination a greater variety ot love y scenery 
than in That portion of Western North Carolina and Eastern lennessee 
where the Blue Ridge Mountains have been, by perhaps some mighty 
subterranean upheaval, shattered into a half-score ot lateral and cross 
ranges To be sure the White Mountains have their \\ ashington, the 
Adirondacks their Marcv, but one may stand in Asheville and on any 
fair dav count more than a score of mountain peaks higher than these. 



Prof. J. A. Holmes, the eminent geologist, 
is authority for the statement that tliere are 
in Western North Carolina forty-three dis- 
tinct mountains, 6,000 feet and upward in 
altitude, or higher than Mount Washington ; 
and over eighty which exceed 5,000 and nearly 
approximate 6,000, while the peaks exceeding 
4,000 feet are innumerable. They are beau- 
tiful mountains, too; shapely, and with lines 
as graceful as those of a model, they raise 
their proud heads far above the fertile valleys 
which lie at their feet. Clothed to their very 
summits with a most magnificent deciduous 
forest which Professor FeriKJW declares tiie 
finest on the continent, they f(jrm a picture 
of natural beauty and grandeur, the equal of 
which would be difficult to find in any land. 
There are here and there, howe.yer, stupen- 
dous precipices, as for instance on old White- 
side and Caesar's Head, the former presenting 
a solid, almost perpendicular wall of rock 
1,800 in heigiit. Hut these instances are 
rare, the general contour being one of grace 
and beauty. The noble chain, which, taking 
its beginning in the Highlands of Canada, 
traces its rugged course down across New 
Hampshire and Vermont, Eastern New York, 
Pennsylvania and Virginia, is known accord- 
ing to the locality as the Green, White, Adi- 
rondack, Alleghany or Blue Ridge Moun- 
tains : but it grows in majesty as it stretches 
southward, attaining in Western North 
Carolina and East- 
ern Tennessee by 
far its greatest alti- 
tude and massive- 
ness. Here, too, 
it has spread into 
a myriad of lateral 
ranges like the 
bursting of a rock- 
et, sending its off- 
shoots into South 
Carolina, Georgia, 
and Alabama, 
where they merge 
into the lowlands 
a n d a r e lost to 
view. 

It is in the very 
leart of these 
mountainous re- 
gions, at an aver- 





'Tlieic aiv, here and there, 
iiisstaiiee, ' Wliitesiile ' 



-tupeiidous i)r('(ijiict 
!>i«^sHe«d.' 




Uiiiil)liii« (lijwii the niountaiii ^i^le."J 



as, for 

age altitude of nearly twenty-five' hundred', 
feet above the sea, that Nature has reserved 
her most charming sanatorium, her "Garden 
of the Gods," the Asheville plateau. Th s- 
is "The Land of the Sky," the spot where 
human health and human happiness are 
in sweet accord, where the blue azure- 
touches lightly the towering summits of 
lofty mountains, where the purest of crys- 
tal water gushes forth from the hidden 
springs of an untainted soil, where malaria, 
is unknown and contagion unfeared. Here, 
too. Nature has arrayed herself in her 
choicest and most beautiful vestments, and 
by her smiles and softest touches inspires 
hope in the invalid and ambition in the 
strong. Here, as nowhere else, are to be 
found in greatest perfection, ideal climatic 
conditions, for neither in summer nor 
j/ winter are there extremes in temperature, 
the seasons being marked by the calen- 
dar rather than liy the weather. 'I'he- 
temperature maps prepared by the Na- 
tional Government show that there is. 
formed by the peculiar topographical 
conditions existing on the Asheville pla- 
teau, the ideal thermal belt of America. 

In the "good old days" of our fore- 
fathers the trip to the Asheville plateau 
was made after the fashion of the time- 
in lumbering old stage coaches — a weari- 
some trip which only the hardy could 
undertake. Now. whether from North, 
West, or South, the approach is one not. 
only of convenience but of positive lux- 




ury. The Southern Railway, that superb 
and colossal corporation whose tracks grid- 
iron the region south of Washington, 
has brought Asheville and its contiguous 
region to within a short distance of New 
York, for indeed the traveller may leave 
the metropolis after the day is nearly done 
and be transported by their magnificent 
"Southwestern Limited" to Asheville about 
noon the next day. 

And what a ride ! — down past the Na- 
tion's capital, across the Old Dominion, 
Virginia, whose almost every inch has been 
consecrated to history by the blood of con- 
tending armies, and entering North Carolina 
"where armies' ceaseless tread" wove broad 
paths in the fertile soil a generation ago. 
At Salisbury the Asheville train leaves the 
main stem, which continues on to Atlanta, 
and, like the "Course of Empire," wends its 
way to the westward. At Old Fort a 
brief stop is made, to attach the second 
or pilot engine, before' giving battle to the 
giant mountains which, stretching directly 
across the path, challenge the mighty power 
of steam. It is a battle royal when the pon- 
derous locomotives begin the ascent, the 
second in point of grade in all America, 
a struggle in which the strength of Nature is 
pitted against the inventions of man. With 
throttles wide open and the steam-gauges 
showing their maximum the ascent begins. 
Up and up creeps the train, slowly and surely 




[" A succession of interesting views, ebangiuu witii eveiy mile anil every turn of tlie road."] 



—winding in aild ont, like the tracings of a 
huge serpent, passing the colossal piles of 
granite between which the sparkling Catawba 
River dashes merrily on its race from moun- 
tain to sea, tiien around the face of a gigantic 
wall of rock, over chasms so deep as to make 
one di/zy, and again clinging to the very 
edge of the mountain-side. Below one — far 
below — is the peaceful valley, walled in on 
the opposite side by the mountains, whose 
slopes are clothed to 
the very dome with 
balsams and giant 
pines, interspersed 
with huge masses of / 

rhododendron a n d 
azaleas near the val- 
ley's line. Beyond 
Round Knob, where 
a brief stop is made, 
the ascent becomes 
bolder and more tor- 
tuous. Around and 
around the great 
train creeps, doub- 
ling on itself several 



falls come tumbling down the mountain-sides 
so close as to almost dampen the train with 
their spray, and whichever way the eye may 
turn a new and entrancing scene of mingled 
grandeur and Uweliness greets it. 

At last the great tunnel which pierces the 
summit is reached, and the descent begins. 
The watershed of the Atlantic is left and that 
of the (lulf of Me.xico entered. The jiano- 
rama has been shifted. The ruggedness 





111- ride from Aslievillp to the Hot Sprint's i»loii(i' the valley of the beautiful" 
French Tiroiul river, i.s the most piotnresque in .Xmeriea. 1 



times, as if looking for some crevice through 
which it might dodge and evade the sum- 
mit. So tortuous has been its movements 
that from one point the track below over 
■^vhich the train has come may be seen on 
fourteen different grades. The sun beams 
into the windows on one side the car, and 
almost before the train has measured its 
length, it is shining in those opposite, and 
if Brother Jasper should make the trip he 
would ever after maintain that " De sun do 
move, suh. " 

"I have travelled two (.ontiiients," said a 
companion of the writer on his recent trip, 
'•and have never seen from car window 
a more magnificent spectacle." As the 
summit is reached, the eye takes in range 
after range of mountains, following one 
after the other like the giant waves of old 
ocean racing for the beach. Silvery water- 



lades and yields its 
sway to the pastoral, 
where one hears the 

"HimiminK of bees in 
the heather bells 
And bleatings in the 
distant dells." 

Just where the 
beautiful Swanna- 
noa, "Nymph of 
Beauty," one of the 
loveliest of moun- 
tain streams, whose 
course the train fol- 
lows, merges into 
the picturesque and 
historic French 
Broad, is Asheville. 
There is but one railway reaching Asheville, 
whether one comes from the West via Knox- 
ville, the North via Washington, the South- 
west via Atlanta, or Florida „ ,. . . 
and the Southeast via Col- 
umbia, and that is by the 
Southern Railway. 

In the reorganization of the 
old Richmond Terminal sys- 
tem of railroad lines into 
the new South- 
ern R a i 1 w a 
Company, a dift 






["Asheville is a eliai niiiig- little city, uestliug m the veiy bosom of the eveilasting hii: 

cult ami important task was accomplishe'l sippi River, with converging lines frcni Rith- 



with remarkable celerity and efficiency 

The steady development of this extensive 

and complicated scheme proceeded almost 

unchecked through the entire period 

of financial depression, and to-day the 

South possesses a great 

railway system of 4,791 

miles of lines, nearly all 

of which is absolutely 

ownedby one corporation, 

of which Mr. Samuel 

Spencer is President. 

No other railroad in 

the country, operated 

under a single charter, 

has so great a mileage. 

About thirty dif- 
ferent roads have been 
merged intotheS;)Uth- 
ern Rail way Company, 
the pri nopal ones be- 
ing the Richmond and 
Danville and the East 
Tennessee, Virginia 
and Georgia systems. 

As a map 
will show, th'j 




n ond to Panville ; from Golds toro, thrcrgh 
Raleigh to Greeiitoio; 
and div eigirg from 
Salisbury 
ihroughAshe- 
v i 11 e , Hot 
Springs and 
Knoxville to 
L hattanc( ga : 
also from 
Charlotte to 
Columbia, Augusta and 
Aiken, uniting at Col- 
1 mbia with the Florida 
Central and Fcnmsular 
Railroad, forming a 
'hiough line to Savannah, 
Jacksonville and all Flor- 
ida, with a transverse line 
starting at Bristol, Tenn., 
;ind extending through 
Knoxville, Chattancrga, At- 
lanta and jVIaeon, Ga., to 
Ga. , uniting again at Everett, 
Ihe Florida Central and Pen- 
There is also a di- 




lines of this great s\ s 
tem extend from Wash 
ington, through Dan 
ville, Charlotte, Atlanta 
and Birmingham, t( 
Greenville, on the Missis- 



Imiidsw ick 
(ia., with 
insular Railroad 

verging line from Rome, Ga., through 
Anniston, Ala., and Selma to Merid- 
ian, ]Mi.'-s., and with various other lateral lines. 
The "\^ashingt(n and Southwestern Vestibuled Limit- 
ed," a superb tram of Pullman drawing-room sleeping 
and dining cars, runs daily between New York and New 
Orleans via the Southern Railway (Piedmont Air Line) 
coniunction with the Pennsylvania Railroad on the 
^(lth and tl e 'L & K" on the South. It also car- 
ries through Pullmans between 
New York, jAsheville and Hot 
Springs. The "Cincinnati and 
Florida Vestibule Limited," a 
beautiful train, runs daily 
between Cincinnati and Jack- 
sonville, in conjunction with 
the "Q& C" route and Florida 
Central and Peninsular RR. 

Through car service is also 

maintained between Jackson- 

ijiAsLevUie.'j' ^' '" " " " ^ villc, Fla. , and Kansas City, 




Mo., via Atlanta and Birmingham; also be- 
tween Jacksonville and St. Louis, via same 
route. There is a perfectly appointed through 
car service l)etween New Vork, Asheville 
and Hot Sjirings, and between Louisville, 
Cincinnati and Asheville, and between Ashe- 
ville, Savannah and Jacksonville. 

It is by this line that the "New York and 
Florida Short Line T^iniited," a veritable club- 




>f the 



ami it is yet t 

house on wheels, runs daily, leaving New 
York at 3.20 i'.m., and reaching Jacksonville 
and St. Augustine early the following even- 
ing. 

In laving out the Southern Railway system 
the aim has been to cover as much of the 
South, east of the Mississippi River, as pos- 
sible. The lines penetrate into the richest 
mineral regions, agricultural regions, and 
timber territory. The Kentucky and Ten- 
nessee coal- fields and the Alabama coal-fields 
are reached by numerous branch lines. All 
of the great iron-mining and manufacturing 
localities are embraced in the Southern's 
railway lines. There is scarcely a prominent 
cotton-growing locality of importance that is 
not reached, and cotton mills are thicklv 
sprinkled along all the priiicipa 
system. The best por- 
tions of the tobacco- 
growing and the timber 
regions are tapped bv 
these lines, and the 
branches of road which 
traverse the Southeast- 
ern States command a 
large share of fruit and 
garden truck business. 

The isothennal line 
which passes through 
Asheville, the com- 
mercial and tourist 
centre of the "Land of 
the Sky," as continued 
is drawn just south of 
San Francisco, Califor- 
nia, north of Salt Lake 
City, Utah, south of 
St. Louis, through 



Lisbon and ^ladrid, Marseilles, Rome, Na- 
ples, and south of Constantinople. It should 
not be inferred that there are no variations 
in climate on the Asheville plateau, for in- 
deed there are, and the best of hygienic 
results are attained in a country where there 
are changes, if, like those here, they are free 
from the health-destroying extiemes of both 
North and South. But the climate of Ashe- 
ville, measured by the 
\ear rather than the 
day, is charming. 
'I'he mean temjiera- 
ture for a period cov- 
ering a score of years 
has been 59%justone- 
a degree from 
tliat (if the entire 
Western hemisphere, 
ihe air. however, is 
dry, and even on the 
coldest da\'s there is 
an entire absence of 
lat quality which in 
lie North is called 
liercing, "and which 
i I e n e t ra t e s to the 
\ery bone marrow. 
vSnow, while not an 
unknown feature of 
Asheville winter life, 
falls only occasionally and lasts but a few 
days at longest. The brightest of sunshine 
predominates all through the winter, making 
out-door e.sercise. riding or driving and 
tennis or golf playing a pleasure. The 
diurnal ranges of the thermometer are 
also far less than at many of the famed 
health-resorts. The average winter tem- 
]iei'ature of Asheville is several degrees 
liigher than that of Geneva, Switzerland, and 
Turin, Italy, and fourteen degrees warmer 
than Davos in the Swiss Alps, where thousands 
of patients are sent each year for pulmonary 
troubles by the Continental physicians. The 
oldest medical practitioner in Western North 
Carolina told the writer recently that during 
an extensive practice in this countrv, cover- 
ing nearlv iortv vears, he had never found 




a single case of local pulmonary con- 
sumption. He also called attention to the 
figures published in the disease charts of the 
United States Census, which showed that 
while deaths from pulmonary troubles in 
northern New England averaged two hun- 



deveioped cases of consumption — too late to 
be benefited by the climatic cure, which would 
surely have saved them had they come at the, 
time the initial signs of the disease showed. 

themselves. ,- ; 

The visitor to this region notic.es af, once 




I a liuiidred foet liigli, and kaleidoscopic clianges from the rugged to the pastoral.' 



dred and fiftv out of every thousand, in Min- 
nesota and California one hundred and fifty, 
in Kentuckv and Western Tennessee over 
one hundred\ the average number in Western 
North Carolina was but thirty. This percent- 
age, too, was largely made up from deaths 
among those who had come there with well- 



the electrical bracing air. "Why, I feel as if 
I was breathing champagne," exclaimed a 
prominent statesman to the writer during a 
recent visit. "And does it never rain here?" 
he asked. "Oh, yes," was the reply, volun- 
teered by a third member of the group ; " but 
our well-kept statistics show that we have an 




thing 



average of near 
ly three hundred 
days a year wlien 
the sun shines all 
day, and there 
were only eleven 
last year without 
any sunshine. 
There is, too, so 
little humidity 
even in the win- 
ter months, that 
it is no unusual 
thing for ladies to 
ramble through 
the woods with 
as little risk to 
health as they 
would have in 
June. Another 
fact," our mentor 
continued, 

"which makes every one 'brace up' the 
moment they get to Asheville is not gen- 
erally understood. It is the influence of 
altitude on vitality. Now, physiologists 
tell us that the heart pressure from 
within is twelve and a half pounds to 
the square inch at any altitude, and at 
the seashore the atmospheric pressure 
from without is fifteen pounds, decreas- 
ing in direct ratio as the altitude is in- 
creased. This is what produces 'that 
tired feeling' in lower altitudes, a 
unknown on the Asheville plateau, which, 
with its altitude of twenty -three hundred feet, 
has an atmospheric pressure of just twelve 
and three-quarter pounds, thus allowing the 
heart and lungs to perform their functions 
with the least expense of force and vitality, 
and under conditions which 
are absolutely normal." 
Asheville is 

charTTiing 

ittle city 
nestling in the 
very bosom of 
the everlasting- 
hills. It has an 
active, prosper- 
ous population of 
about twelve 
thousand, hand- 
some hotels, sub- 
stantial banks, 
business blocks 
a n d churches, 
and many beau- 
tiful and modern 
private resi- 
dences, in which 
will be found all 
the cultured re- 
finement of the 
greater social 
centres. It has 
a most progres- 
sive daily. The 
Citizen, which, under the editorship of 
Mr. Frank Robinson, is ever alive to Ashe- 




, '■ A bngof 
quail isanaverai 



til tin- iiMfiit ihat fioin one [joint the trai 
L Ijelow on fourteen ditfereiit grades.''] 

ville's interests. Its school system ranks 
among the first in the South, and the school 
buildings are modern structures of brick, 
with all educational conveniences and im- 
proved sanitary appliances. Its streets are 
well paved — largely in asphalt — lighted 
with electricity, and it has an excellent sys- 
tem of electric street-railroads. Altogether 
it is a modern, bustling, young city, in which 
the material and social conditior.s are Sl.. j(^ 
far in advance of the average city of ^^^^^J^ 
its size, whether North or South. k.'«i^i. 

Asheville has been termed the Sara- 
toga of the South, but this is hardly 
just, for there is not a single point in 
which comparison of natural advanta- 
ges can be made which would not be in 
Asheville's favor. Climate, scenery, 
health, and atmospheric conditions are 
all incomparably better at Asheville. 
It is true that in certain respects there 
is a similarity, for during the summer 
months the great hospitable hotels of 
Asheville and its numerous boarding- 
houses are filled to overflowing with 
guests from all over the Union, who 
find the climate delightful, the social 
activities on a par with the best sumiyer re- 
sorts in the country, and opportunities for 
riding or driving miles over perfect mountain 
roads and among scenes of magnificence and 
grandem". No sooner have the summer visi- 
tors departed, than the advance guard of 
guests from the North puts in its appear- 
ance — a forerunner of the thousands wh<>for 
pleasure, or health, or both, make their home 
in Asheville for a greater or shorter period 




during the winter months. The varied 
attractions of Asheville and the beautiful 
plateau which bears its name have ■»■ " 
brought to it as residents many men Jja^ 
of wealth and culture, who have ^ 
erected beautiful homes and are liv- 
ino- deliuhtfullv surrf)unded by many- 




emerald of its banks. On every side rise 
hill upon hill and mountain upon mountain, 
- with many a Heaven- 
asp i r i n g peak , chief 
among them being 
Pisgah, with its sharp, 
symmetrical cone ; and 
beyond, in long extended 
vis'tas, the lofty summits 
of the Balsam Moun- 
tains, more than six 
thousand feet in height. 
Down to the right, to- 
ward the north, the eye 
follows thevallev, backed 




of the custo ms and 
pleasures of the old ^^ 

English manor houses. 

In no section of Amer- confv.ry sui.^ ns- hui 

ica is there to-dav 

such superb opportunities for sport as may 
be had in Western North Carolina. It is the 
ereat centre for quail shooting, and each 
year the Field Trials of the Eastern Asso- 
ciation are held here. A bag of one hundred 
quail is a fair average for a day's sport for 
two gentlemen. So famous has this region 
become among sportsmen that th.e Southern 
Railway has inaugurated a special service of 
hunting cars which may be chartered by 
private parties by the day or week. The 
streams, especially on the Murphy 
and Spartanburg branches, are 
full of trout, and in the forests the 
deer, wild turkey and bear hunt- 
ing so far eclipses anything east 
of the Rockies that a comparison 
would be absurd. It is a paradise 
where sportsmen may spend a 
day a month, or a season, and 
be certain of the best of sport 
among most delightful scenes and 
in a region where every breath is 
one of health and joy. Among ;<-'^ 
those gentlemen who have already 
erected or are now erecting homes for 
themselves near Asheville is Mr. George W. 
Vanderbilt, who, after having travelled the 
world over, decided upon this region as 
being the most beautiful of all he had ever 
seen? Here he began, several years ago, 
the purchasing of an estate and the erection : 
of a noble mansion which when completed 
will far eclipse in point of expense, size, 
and elegance any private establishment in Amer 
ica. It^'stands on a noble eminence overlookin'.i 
the picturesque and lovely valley of the French 
Broad, whose tortuous course may be followed 
for miles by its silvery tracings between the deep 



,11 liillaiul iiiouiitain upon niountiiiii, "itli iiiaii\ a Heaven- 
aspiring peak among them."] 

by its never-absent mountains, until far 
awav they blend in misty distance with 
the Great 'Smokies. Then sweeping to the 
northeast, the valley of the Swannanoa 
spreads itself in all its placid beauty at the 
foot of its ever-present guardian mountains, 
which recede in lofty majesty until they erect 
themselves in all the 
grandeur of the unrival- 
led Black :\Ioun- 
tain chain. To the 




• Tlie plantation of Col. Cox.- is a iiioU. 1 une."l 




I" It is a notile rf'gioii. in which Natiiip has uplifted her mitrluy 
monuments, anil with a setting of rare lovelinffcs."J 



right the valley is 
flanked with the 
high and graceful 
S w a n n a n o a 
Mountain, and 
in the far distance 
the Swannanoa 
Gap, through 
which the rail- 
road has invaded 
Western North Carolina. Toward the south, 
where all is gentle, peaceful, and in charming 
color, the mountains withdraw to a distance, 
leaving an open country dotted with farms, 
until far away the hazy curtain made by the 
indistinct forms of the Blue Ridge along the 
South Carolina border is drawn upon the 
scene. 

It is given to but few men to have un- 
bounded wealth, but it is not strange that 
Mr. Vanderbilt, with his opportunities, when 
he gazed upon this scene of transcendent love- 
liness, should have said : "Here will I erect 
a mansion which shall emphasize the work of 
man as this spot has the work of (rod." To 
describe what Mr. Vanderbilt has done to- 
ward accomplishing that end would take many 
pages. The figures would dazzle the reader 
and the veracity of the writer would be chal- 
lenged. But a few of the most salient facts 
are interesting. Mr. Vanderbilt has in his 
private park somewhat over i So square miles. 
He may ride thirty-five miles in a straight 
line from his chateau without reaching the 
boundary of his jiossessions. He may drive 
as many miles over roads as scientifically 
made and as smooth as the boulevards of 
Central Park. He may hunt in his game pre- 
serve of twenty thousand acres, through 
which hundreds of deer will roam, or mav 
fish in well-stocked streams which are his 
from the tiny spring on the mountain-top 
until theV merge into the French Broad. His 
private nurseries, from which several million 
choice trees, plants, and shrubs are trans- 
planted each year, are the largest in the 



world, and a railroad 
has been built from 
Asheville to his cha- 
teau (three miles) to 
transport the hun- 
reds of workmen em- 
jiloyed and the ma- 
tt rial used. He has 
already expended 
something like 
$4,000,000 on the cas- 
tle and the surroimding grounds, and it 
is estimated that it will cost about $6,000,000 
to develop fully his plans. Twelve thousand 
dollars are distributed by him among the 
citizens of Asheville every week in the way 
of salaries and other expenses in connec- 
tion with his establishment. 

The residence is 300 feet by 192, with long 
walled courts and stables in addition, yet a 
part of the general structure. A detailed ac- 
count of it would tax the descriptive powers 
of an architect. It is built of stone, and three 
hundred stone-cutters and masons have been 
steadily at work for over three years, and 
completion is yet a year away. !Mr. Fred- 
erick Law Olmstead, who laid out Central 
Park and more latel- the World's Fair 
grounds at Chicago, h. ^ been in charge of 
the landscape gardening, which embraces the 
entire estate. Sunken gardens and green- 
houses on which fortunes have been spent, a 
tennis court whose huge retaining wall, 16 
feet thick and 40 feet high, is one of the finest 
I)ieccs of masonry in this country, a bowling 
green 200 feet wide and 700 long, entirely 
surrounded by a hand-carved granite balus- 
trade, and innumerable other features form a 
font fjisevible which surpasses anything ever 
dreamed of heretofore in America, ^'isitors 
to Asheville ask to have the Vanderbilt estate 
pointed out to them almost before they leave 
the train at the station. The young million- 
aire is not at all exclusive or selfish with his 
Ijelongings, but permits visitors to drive 
through his grounds and inspect his residence 
under reasonable conditions. 



Few people realize that North Carolina is 
more than 500 miles in length, or that if New 
Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Con- 
necticut, Rhode Island, Delaware, and New 
Jersey were made into one State, it would 
still lack over 5,000 square miles of being 
as large as North Carolina. Fifty-nine per 
cent of its surface is forest, and it com- 
bines within its limits a greater variety 
of climate than any State in the Union ex- 
cept California, being semi-tropical along 
the sea and high and mountainous in the 
"Western portion. It is rich in minerals as 
well as in timber, and has not only a compe- 
tent State Board of Agriculture but a Geo- 
graphical Survey of National fame which has, 
through its able reports on the resources of 
North Carolina, brought several million dol- 
lars into the State for investment, and has 
saved the citizens of the State many times 
what it has cost for its suppoit, by preventing 
thrt)ugh its reports many useless investments. 
North Carolina is also rich in agricultural re- 
sources, and some of the finest plantations in 
the South are in this noble commonwealth. 
It is doubtful if anywhere a more perfect 
example of the modern farm could be found 
than that of Col. Frank Coxe. It is situated 
in Polk County, lies along the famous Green 
River, and is a part of that celebrated bottom 
land known all over North and South Carolina 
as " ligypt. " Colonel Coxe has improved it 
year after year imtil it has now reached the 
highest stage of perfection. 
The residence is of the pure 
colonial type, and upward 
of a hundred j-ears old, and 
about it are the thousands 
of broad acres under scien- 
tific and intelligent cultiva- 
tion 

Living back in the utter- 
in ost fastnesses of the 
mountains, remote from all 
'except those of their own 
kind, there still dwell many 
" i\l 0011 shiners" — a c h a r - 




[" Liviiiy: bUL-k lu tlu- 



ul ilif iuoiiutain.s."j 




I •An almost periieiiiiii/iilar wall of movintains, fifteen luiiiilii-d to 
thousand feet hlgli."j 



acteristic class of people — unlike any other 
humans except themselves. The moonshiner 
naturally feels that he has as much right to 
boil his fruit or grain into spirits as the farmer 
has to cook hominvin his own kettles, Vmt the 
law places a negative upon his claim. So the 
mountain chemist is given to hiding, and, at 
times, when hunted too persistently, to shoot-' 
ing his pursuers. This is all wrong, because 
unlawful, but it is hard to instruct the gray 
matter of his brain on such subjects. It is 
grewsome to see these lank, leathery, un- 
kempt, semi-barbarous brethren brought into 
court, with manacles on their limbs, and 
summarily consigned to doleful exile in dis- 
tant dungeons. You will, when you see them 
and their wives and their progeny, wonder 
how such a country can produce such speci- 
mens of humanity, but it is easily understood 
when explanation is at hand. In that region 
are reared the best of cattle, sheep, poultry, 
and fruits, but the moonshiner disdains them. 
He prefers, or habit and jjoverty compel him 
to prefer, soggy hot biscuit, vile coffee, ca- 
daverous, greasy bacon, assassinated in a fry- 
ing pan. He drinks too much of his own fiery 
decoction and too little of the salubrious 
water that leaps, gushes and sparkles on 
every hand. If one could capture young 
moonshiner girls and boys, feed them on 
civilized diet, girdle them with proper com- 
fort, garment them decently, treat them 
amiably and educate them wholesomely, the 
transformation would be thorough, start- 
ling, and supreme. It would be an object- 
esson conveying its own moral, and this 
would be the evolution of man)' Esmeraldas 
olf the mimic stage, and many a sturdy, 
comely, valiant, intellectual man. 

'J he spur of the Southern Railway running 
southwest from Asheville to Murphy, a dis- 
tance (if 120 miles, is famous as one of the 
most daring pieces of railroad engineering 
in this country. During almost the entire 
length of the road the scenery is romanti- 
cally wild, and presents not only very many 
charming views, but oft'ers to the sportsman 
a perfect paradise. The streams are full 
of trout, and through the vast forests roam 
eer, bear, and wild turkeys. The country 
t'uetrated by this line is rich in talc, mineral 
aint, marble, kaolin, and considerable gold 
has been washed out. The road creeps 
around the wild gorge of the Nantahala 
River, so deep that the rays of the sun only 
shine upon the surface of the river for an 



hour a day. Here is a waterfall which 
makes a clear plunge of nearly 200 
feet; there, a sublime vista where the 
Little Tennessee has cut its way 
through the rocky barriers which stem- 
med its course ; everywhere, views 
which are entrancing and sublime. It 
is a noble region in which Nature has 
uplifted her mighty monuments, and 
with a setting of rare loveliness. 
"Waynesville, named in honor of "Mad 
Anthony" Wayne, is 30 miles from 
Asheville, and is the highest railroad 
town east of Colorado. It is the com- 
mercial centre of the far-famed Rich- 
land Valley, and is located at the fcmi 
of the Balsam Mountains. It has a 
superb water-power, and is a pro- 
gressive, prosperous young city "•* 
with many advantages. It has 
fiile schools and churches, ant 
there is not a bar-room within 
its limits. The region about 
Waynesville is one of great fei 
tility, and is noted for the superun 
quality of the tobacco raised. It 
is also a great grain and vegetable * 
region, and its apples are not f 
surpassed anywhere for flavor 
It has an excellent hotel, an( 
offers many inducements to either 
the casual visitor or home-seeker. 
At Andrews City, nearer Murphy, the sports- 
man will rind most comfcjrtable accommoda- 
tions at the hospitable hotel of Mr. S. E. 
Bryson, who is a walking encyclopaedia on 
that whole region, and one of the most genial 
hosts as well. 

Between Asheville and Spartanburg there 
is much notable scenery, especially at Tryf)n 





["Wliere the Catawba river ruohes past in its race from 11 



of lock and over masvivi- an-lit-s and liiiih Imt Milistaiitial lit>Ilis."]( 

and in the country immediately adjacent. 
Tryon is 40 miles south of Asheville. It is a 
beautiful little village, with Alps-like sur- 
roundings. Its population is largely made 
up of health-seekers from every part of 
the country. The almost perpendicular wall 
of nrowrrtains, 1,500 to 2,000 feet high, curved 
like a horseshoe to the north and west of 
the village, effectively 
shuts out all the cold- 
er winds, while the 
open country to the 
south gives the sun 
a full opportunity 
to not only temper the 
air by direct rays, but 
by radiation from the 
mountain sides. The 
thermometer at 
Tryon seldom goes 
much below the freez- 
ing-point, and snow 
is a rarity— and this 
at an altitude of over 
1 , 500 feet. About 
Tryon are beautiful 
roads, and the 
mountains in the 
neighborhood offer 
e.Ncellent opportuni- 
ties for tramping. 
There is also an ex- 
cellent hotel atTryon. 
Visitors at Asheville 
can make excursions^ 
to Tryon comfortably, 
leaving Asheville in 
the morning, and re- 
turn in the evening. 



The Battery Park Hotel is so closely asso- 
ciated with Asheville that the names are al- 
most sj-nonymous. It derives its name from 



cause out-of-door life is so attractive in Ashe- 
ville, are broad and almost never-ending. 
During the warmer seasons they are fringed 




f Tlif Battel > I'm-lc !l^e^ellt> a most uniting and )m 

many mile 

its being located on a spot of historical 
interest, for it was at the very point where 
the hotel now stands that the Confeder- 
ates planted a battery of artillery for the de- 
fence of the town. The old breastworks still 
remain, but the grim messengers of death 
liave given place to flowers, and the happy 
voices of children are heard from the old 
ramparts instead of the roar of artillery. 
Crowning as it does the summit of a noble 
•eminence in the centre of a hiveh' private 
park of twenty-five acres, and surrounded 
by a grove of ancient oaks, it presents a most 
inviting and picture.sque appearance, and 
stands boldly in view for miles in almost 
any direction. It is scarcely a stone's throw 
from the public square of Asheville, yet is 125 
feet above it and so secluded in its own 
environments that the sojourner within Us 
hospitable walls may find, if he de- 
sires it, perfect restfu'lness and repose. 
The structure is modern, architect- 
lu-ally beautiful, and singularly free 
from the stilted conventionalities 
of the usual hotel. The frontage 




["Thechaniiiiig little liuin.- ul Hit- Hum I 'luh .stands uii tli 
adjoiiiin); tlie conservatories."] 

measures 475 feet, yet it is so broken with 
broad porches, gables, oriel and bow win- 
dows that the dimensions deceive the eye. 
The porches, which are a great feature be- 



ui esi|iii- .i|i|)t ,11 .met-, and -tand^ buldh in % lew fm 
ar.mml." 

with hanging and stationary boxes of flowers, 
and in the winter enclosed in glass, thus 
affording invalids opportunities for sun-baths 
and long walks without leaving the house. 
From these extensive verandas the most 
magnificent panorama of mountain views is 
spread before the vision. The scenes change 
with the hours, for the rosy lights of morn- 
ing, the glare of noonday, and the deepening 
sh'adows^'of the evening give each in their 
turn a new and varied charm to the view. 
To the left may be seen in full view the 
noble chateau being erected by Mr. Van^er- 
bilt, and directly in front as a grand centre- 
piece of the scene stands old Pisgah, with 
its sentinels on either side, "while down below 
in the near foreground are the pretty streets 
and homes of Asheville. "Within the Battery 
Park all is comfort and elegance. The spacious 
\. , entrance hall, in which the ot^ce oc- 

^"'.z cupies a corner, is a picture of attract- 
ivenesss with its massive fireplace, 
broad and graceful stairway, and easy 
chairs. Here every evening is a bril- 
liant gathering of guests, who in 
little groups — the ladies with their 
fancy work and gentlemen with 
their cigars — pass the hours in in- 
formal sociability, lending a pleas- 
ing and congenial atmosphere, an 
unknown feature in many of the 
great hostel ries. On g^ 

many evenings there are .^^^^tf^j^ 
special entertainments in 
the great ball-room — the 
i«n handsomest of 

any resort in 
the country — for it is 
fully equipped with a 
stage and all the fur- 
nishings. No detail 






has been 
omitted to 
make the Bat- 
tery Park a 
home in every 
sense of that 
much-abused 
word. The rooms are all 
large, light, and cheerful, 
handsomely furnished, 
steam -heated, many hav- 
ing open fireplaces, an 1 
private porcelain baths. 
There are also bDwling- 
alleys, billiard-rooms for 
both ladies and gentle- 
men, a shooting-gallery, 
and all the accessories for 
popular amusement for old and young. 

Mr. E. P. McKissick, the manager of the 
Battery Park, is a gentleman whose genial pr^r- 
sonality and all-round good-fellowship has 
given him a reputation as an ideal host which 
has reached far beyond the limits of North 
Carolina. He has the rare faculty, to a won- 
derful degree, of not only managing the prac- 
tical part of the business with consummate 
skill, but of making visitors feel from the 
moment they enter the house that they aie 
his personal guests. He has sur- 
rounded himself with most competent 
assistants, and the chef in charge of 
the cuisine this season has been at 
the Alcazar at St. Augustine and Hotel 
Champlain for several years. It is 
needless to add that the table and 
service are up to the highest standard 
in every particular. 

One of the enjoyable and popular 
features of the Battery Park is the 
Swannanoa Hunt Club. 
which affords an added 
pleasure to those who en- 
joy out-door sport. The 
charming little club- 
house f)ccupies a promi- 
nent place on the lawn of 
the hotel adjoining the 
conservatories. The 
Hunt Club, of which Dr. 
S. W. Battle, of Ashe- 
ville. is president, and 
'Mr. Henry M. Steele, of 



Baltimore, is secretary, is the "swell" 
feature socially of the city, the leading 
people being members, and its balls, 
which are held at the Battery Park, are 
brilliant affaiis, many guests comirg 
from New York and other Northern 
cities to attend them. The club has two 
houses, the one appearing in the illus- 
tration and one near the Sulphur 
Springs, about four miles from the city ; 
so situated as to allow from its veran- 
das a following view of the hunt for 
many miles. At the home club 
the cuisine will be under the 
charge of the chef of the ho- 
tel, but ]\Ianager WcKissick, 
who is himself an artist with 
the chafing dish, presides 
at many of the in- 
^ formal feasts, 

which are mem- 
orable occasions 
to all who attend 
them. '1 he club- 
houses are artis- 
tically and ap- 
propriately fitr- 
nished, the walls 
being ad or n e d 
with mementos of 
the chase and 
trappings and 
pictures of the 
hun t, s pe c i a 1 
rooms being fitted 
up for ladies who ride in or enjoy the chase. 
Guests of the Battery Park are made welcome 
at the club as visiting members, with corre- 
sponding privileges. For those who do not 
care for fox-hunting, the stables of the hotel 
provide an ample supply of either saddle or 
driving horses, and as out-of-door exercise is 
exceedingly popular and practical at Ashe- 
ville, and the roads for miles about are so 
beautiful, there is every opportunity for jilcas- 
ure in this line. 



entrance liall is a picture of altracliv 
witti its massive flre-plaee."] 





vj 


w ^ 


p.' 




4 




4 


Li 



■ inadc attracliv 
porches m 



will] rtow, IS. and till- 
inat'iiilicent."j 



A few years ago a party of Northern cap- 
italists, attracted by the beauties of Ashe- 
ville, purchased a tract of over i6o acres upon 
the sunny southern slope of Beaumont Moun- 
tain, within the 
limitsof Asheville, 
and erected upon 
it the b e a u t i f u 
Kenilworth Inn, 
massive 



ceedingly comfortable but elegant. The broad 
oak staircase, with its massive hand-carved 
newel posts, the heavily raftered ceilings in 
the same wood, and the large tireplace 




structm-e, which 
> from any point 
of view is pictur- 
esque from with- 
out and inviting 
and home-like from within. Its graceful 
towers, castellated porte-cochere and many 
gables give it a romantic appearance which 
is not dispelled by the surroundings. The 
park of which it is a fitting centre is heavily 
wooded with a forest of oak and odorous 
pines, with the exception of that portion in 
front of the house, which is an unbroken lawn 
of twenty acres. As the train from the North 
approaches Biltmore, the Kenilwortii liter- 
ally "bursts upon the view" in all the magnif- 
icence of its attractive architecture and 
location. The train stops at Biltmore, -which 
adjoins on one side the Kenilworth Park and 
on the other Mr. George Vanderbilt's posses- 
sions. Here the passengers leave the train, 
and after a short ride in the hotel's easy con- 
veyances over the well-made road which 
zigzags up the mountain-side they alight at 
the handsome entrance, within which all is 
life, brilliancy and gayety. The interior ap- 
pointments of the Kenilworth are not only ex- 



. J lie Kenilwortli, a, 
beautiful structure. "J 

r are attractive features 
of the entrance hall. 
Bioad halls extend 
from either side, into 
^\hich open the large, 
exquisitely furnished 
parlors, the beautiful 
music room, and la- 
dies' writing and bil- 
liard rooms. All the 
rooms of the entire 
lower floor open into each other in such a 
wav as to give a light, cheerful, and home- 
like atmc sphere. The dining-room, which 
is unusuallv comfortable and luxurious in 
Its furnishings, is lighted by large 
windows on two sides, and instead of 
being one large room is a series of 
smaller ones, connecting in such away 
as to permitoiitsbeingmadelarger or 
smaller as the exigencies require. 
The sleeping rooms of the Kenilworth 
are models of comfort. Every room has 
a large closet, and many of them liaths. 
The entire house is steam-heated and|' 
electric-lighted. From all of the rooms 
may be had most magnificent views, but 
those from the sun parlors which are in the 
large tower are simply beyond description. 
In one of these Miss a Becket has established 
her studio, because, as this charming and 
famous artist says, it is the most beautiful 
spot she knows of. The social life at the 
Kenilworth is as fascinating as its surround- 
ings. One of the finest of orchestras gives 
morning and afternoon concerts, and plays 
each evening for dancing. The stables are full 
of the b'est of horses; and riding and driving 
over the beautiful mountain roads afford un- 
limited pleasure and entertainment. In Mr. 
Lyman Rhoades, the proprietor, is emphasized 
the expression that a good hotel man, like the 
poet, is born not made. He has had long 
years of experience, and under his manage- 
ment the Kenilworth is admirably conducted, 
the cuisine kept at a high degree of excellence, 
and the guests made to feel that nothing is 
being or will be omitted which may add to 
their comfort or enjoyment. 




The journey down the valley of the French 
Broad from Asheville to Hot Springs is one 
which ever remains in the memory of him 
who takes it. The distance is short, scarcely 
forty miles, but there is not the smallest por- 
tion of it devoid of picturesque interest. It 
is, in fact, generally conceded by all exten- 
sive travellers that it is one of the loveliest 
trips in America, and no visitor to Western 




teen separate pools, 9x16, lined and floored 
with polished marble. The waters possess 
the same qualities as the baths at Ems and 
Wiesbaden, Germany, and the Hot Springs of 
Arkansas, while their accessibility and ele- 
gance, together with the skill with which 
they are administered by the attendant phy- 
sicians, makes them far more desirable. 
The hotel accommodates five hundred guests 
and is under the able management of 
■-^ma I Messrs. Doolittle and Bowden, form- 
aH j erly of Richhcld Springs. There is a 
^1 daily Pullman service without change 
between JNew York and Hot Springs 
v.a the Pennsylvania and Southern 
Railway, and also between Cincinnati 
^^ and the Hot Springs. 
Hj Passengers leaving New York at 4.30 

^1 ' 1 in the after- 

'Sm < noon reach 

^^ 1 the Springs 

before dark 
I the next 
/ . dav. 




North CaroHna 
should miss tak- 
ing it. For the 
entire distance 
th3 Southern 
Railroad hu^js 
close to the river, 
which dashes 
merri 1 y ovsr 
boulders as it cuts 
its way through 
the wild gorges of 
the mountains. 
Here and there 
are long stretches 
of placid water, as 

if the river, tired by its battling, was resting 
before making another mad rush down its 
tortuous raje t) ths sea. As it nears Hot 
Springs the mountains become bolder and 
hem it in closer an:l closer, as if by common 
resolve to blojk its way, but with one mightv 
curve it leaps into the lovelv Hot Springs 
Valley, and merrily, as if rejoicing in having 
outwitted the mighty barriers, winds its wav 
along fertile fields', almost encircling the 
beautiful Mountain Park Hotel, and then 
crosses the Tennessee line six miles bevond. 
at Paint Rock, which in itself is one of the 
most massive natural monuments on the 
globe. This rock rises jirecipitatelv from 
the river level several hundred feet, and its 
rough and weatherbeaten face is covered 
with Indian hieroglyphics— said to be the 
vestiges of an indelible paint with which the 
surface of the rock was coated by the aborig- 
ines at some indefinite period between the 
creation and the Civil War. 

At Hot Springs the visitor will find the 
Mountain Park Hotel an ideal place for rest 
or recuperation. The Springs are famous and 
their efficacy especially in cases of stubborn 
rheumatism or gout is wonderful. The bath- 
ing facilities are unexcelled. There are six- 



(" At Hot Springs the visitor will find an ideal pl.ice for rest, 
recupt'ration or health."] 

Knoxville is situated nearly in the centre of 
the East Tennessee Valley— a valley larger m 
area than the State of Massachusetts, upon 
eentlv-sloping hills on the banks of the 
Tennessee River, in full view of the highest 
peaks of the Appalachian Mountains forty 
miles southward, and within thirty miles ot 
m 000 square miles of coal formations— the 
bituminous coal fields of Tennessee. Im- 
mediatelv around the citv is one vast store- 
house of hard-wood timbers, valuable min- 
erals, and the most beautiful and durable 
marbles and building stones m the South. 
The citv was founded in 1792, and named in 
honor of General Knox, first Secretary of W ar 
of the United States. The jiopulation is about 
4^,000, and the citv trade, wholesale, retail, 
and manufacturing, amounts to $50,000^00 
annuallv, there being 200 manufacturers. The 
offices and shops oif the Southern Railway, 
Western system, are in Knoxville, which is 
also a terminal point of several short roads. 



The visitor fuul.s here all the advantages and 
improvements ot a modern city — well-paved 
streets, electric cars, extensive sewer system. 
It is a city of schools and churches, and the 
University ot" Tennessee, the Tennessee 
School for the Deaf and Dumb, and the 
asylum for the insane, are located here. 

The Imperial Hotel, at which all visitors to 
Knoxville who enjoy the comforts of life will 
stop, is a delightful house, beautifully fur- 
nished and admirably managed by Mr. R.AV. 
Farr, who is a Philaeielphian with long exj^e- 
rience in the hotel business. It is thoroughly 
modern, and from its beautiful dining-room 
on the top Moor a broad bird's eye view 
of Knoxville and the fertile Tennessee Val- 
ley may be enjoyed. The cuisine is above 
criticism, and as the markets of Knoxville are 
proverbially good, the taljles of the lmperi:d 
are abundantly supplied with an unusually 
varied assortment nf lYuits, vegetables and 






/ 








[ u 



I ki II lio t'lno^ tlie eoiiilorts 

I III ill I ) 



meats. The furnishings of the house are new 
and the appointments equal to those in the 
best of metropolitan liostelries. The Impe- 
rial can be unreservedly recommended. 

Tate vSprings, which may he easily reached 
from Knoxville, is in the centre of a glorious 
country, where "health and happiness go 
hand in hand. " It has been said of this sjiring : 
"While it does not claim to be a consecrated 
spring, imparting to those who drink of its 
waters the vigor and bloom of perpetual 
3'outh, it is asserted that it has no superior. 
Whether there is another like it, or equal to 
it, are questions upon which it would be in- 
vidious to express an opinion ; but they are 
questions wdiich have been negatively answer- 
■ed by hundreds of relieved and recuperated in- 
valids in every ])art of the land." But since 
this was said, a wider experience and a more 
thorough test have removed all room for 
doubt, and this is now conceded to be the 
best medical water in America. The salutary 
effects which its use superinduces on the ani- 
mal economy are truly wonderful. Nature's 
own remedy — compound and laborated we 
know not how — its healing qualities are such 
that no art can equal them ; and if natiu'e 
herself has anywhere made such another 



]>rovision f(jr the relief of nior'oid, ph}-sical, 
and mental action, it has not yet been dis- 
disc(jvered. tiuch is the opinion of medical 
men of highest culture and most extensive 
practical observation ; and, what is of more 
value, of thousands who have given it the test 
of personal experience, ar;d thereby obtained 
relief fi-om their afflictions — relief that they 
luid heretoioie sought m \ain There are 
two line hotels and m. twentv-four 




cottages at 'i ale bpnngs W\ "1 honias Tom- 
linson is o\\ nei and piopricto: 'J he large 
hotel remains apeu all the year around. One 
of the handsomest private cottages is owned 
and occupied each se:ison In' Major C. H. 
Hudson, General Manager of the Western 
System of the Southern Railway. Many of 
the best-known people in the country are to 
be found at this beautiful and healthful re- 
sort, and those who cannot personally visit 
the springs may procure the water, as it is 
being shipped daily in great quantities; a 
letter addressed to Mr. Tomlinsim at Tate 
Springs, Tenn., will bring all the informa- 
tion as to the analysis of the water and its 
curative ])roperties. 

The tourist in this region, even if he has 
but a day at hi.s disposal, should under no 
circnfinstances fail to visit Roan Mountain. 
Uniqtie in position, as " the highest human 
habitation East of the Rocky Mountains," 
Cloudkmd on the summit of Roan Mountain 
presents to the eye a marvellous panorama 
of field and forest, mountain and valley, al- 
most overwhelming at first sight from its 
vastness, but growing in beauty and attract- 
iveness every day, as one becomes more fam- 
iliar with it. Its horizon extends over 150 
miles in every direction, commanding a 
view of seven difl:'erent States. The area 
included in this wonderful vision is estimated 
to be fully 50,000 square miles of varied 
and stdjlime scenery, a very wilderness of 
mountains. 

To reach this picturesque Cloudland, the 
traveller takes the Southern Railwaj' from 
Knoxville or Bristol to Johnson City, and 
then transfers to the Cranberry (Stem -Wind- 
er) Narrow-Gauge Railroad, for a ride of 26 
miles to Roan Mountain Station, passing 
through the wild and romantic Doe River 
Caiion four miles long, and 1,500 feet deep. 
From the station a bracing ride of twelve 
miles over a beautiful and rcimantic mciun- 
tain road which zigzags up the steej) in- 
clines, brings the traveller to the Cloudland 
Hotel on the vei'y summit. This house is 
famous as one of the best mountain liostelries 



of the world. It is new, large, well built, and 
accommodates rive hundred guests. All the 
rooms have outside exposures, and the State 
line between North Carolina and Tennessee 
runs through the office. 

The temperature is wonderfully even and 
deliciously cool. Once only during nine weeks 
in last June, July and August, did the mer- 
cury reach 75' The barometer averaging 24 
inches, instead of 30 as at sea-level, shows 
that one-fifth of the atmospheric pressure is 
removed. Even hay fever disappears abso- 
lutely, not a case having been known there. 

Prof. J. W. Chickering, of Washington, an 
enthusiastic mountain-climber antl botanist, 
says: "'The beauty of the Roan ]Mountain 
scenery, words would fail to describe. Stand- 
ing more than a mile above sea-level, with 
mountains on every side, we look out upon 
such a wealth of creative magniricence, both 
in vastness of extent and minuteness of de- 
tail, as it would be hard 
to equal anywhere on 
the globe. The cloud 
view.s from the summit 
of Rt)an Mountain are 
magniricent, and never 
twice alike. Often i 1 
the early morning, the 
whole horizon will be 
one mass of pure white 
vapor, like the waters 
of a shoreless sea, with 
only here and there a 
mountain top, like an 
island, emerging above 
the gho.5tly billows. 

" At the very summit, 
where in the Northern 
Appalachians or the 
Rockies would be amass 
of rock, bare and bar- 
ren, or a crown of huge 
boulders, is a grassy 
slope of m ore than 
1,000 acres, the soil black and fertile, and the 
grass of a wonderfully vivid green. This 
great meadow is dotted here and there 
with clumps of alder, .and the mountain 
rhododendron, forming symmetrical domes 
of dark pink, from six to eight feet in height, 
while here and there are great masses of the 
flame-colored azalea, varying from green- 
yellow to crimson, looking in the setting sun 
like great waves of fire sweeping over the 
prairies. 

"On two sides of the mountain, dee])gorges, 
or ravines, come almost to the mountain top, 
so that one may stand on the brink of an almost 
perpendicular precipice and look down into a 
gulf 2,000 feet deep at his very feet, and see 
the clouds in process of creation, »s the warm 
and moist air rising from the valley sweeps 
up the gorge, and meets the cooler temjier- 
ature of the upper heights, the ascen(ling 
current being sometimes so strong that a 
newspaper or straw hat, thrown down into 
the abyss, is brought l)aik again to the throw- 
er, literally upon the wings of the winds." 
Roan Mountain will alwaysbe a popular resort. 



The city of Chattanooga [which, according 
to D. G. Charles, C. E., means "the place 
where they pulled the Choctaw out of the 
water," and which was originally written 
"Choc-taw-nu-ga"] isadmiral^ly located, both 
from a commercial and picturesque point of 
view. The noble Tennessee River, which few 
people realize is, with its tributaries, 2,500 
miles long, winds its way around the north 
and west sides of the city, and is navigable for 
ordinary boats many miles in either direc- 
tion. To the tourist, Chattanooga and its his- 
toric environs presents many attractions. It 
has a population of 50,000 or more, and is one 
of the most prosj^erous, thriving, and busy 
cities of the New South. Plandsome business 
blocks and beautiful residences and streets 
give it a substantial, prosperous appearance. 
From the standpoint of present interest, 
Chattanooga's history dates from that mem- 
orable day in November, 1863, when Sher- 




if I'liii-' white 



Hi', iMlh h, I V .m,l I li,-iv :i iiinilMtaill tup i-liii-ri^iliir liki'.'Ul i^l,■lllll alic 
tiic ghostly billows.-] 

man's advance had reached a jioint o]iposite 
the town and General Bragg .sent that ominous 
message to General Grant; 

"As there may still be some non-combat- 
ants in Chattanooga, I deem it proj^er to 
notify you that jM-udence would dictate their 
early withdrawal." 

The story of the siege of Cluiitiinooga, of 
the battle above the clouds, of the blood}' 
field of Chickamauga, meaning in the Indian 
tongue "the river of death." or the desperate 
and terrific struggle on Missionary Ridge, 
need not be recounted here; they are recorded 
by the chisel of History on the granite pages 
of Time, and will enilure until the end. 

There are many famous spots, both in this 
country and in foreign climes, where Nature 
has spread a panorama at the foot of some 
noble mountain, that man may gaze upcm and 
l)e enraptured. It has l)een the fortune <>f the 
writer to view man}' of these, but for breadth 
of vision, historic interest, and picturesque 
loveliness, the outlook from the ])oint of Look- 
f»ut Mountain, which rises almost above the 
city, stands without an equal, prominent land- 



marks in seven different States being within 
the range of vision on a clear day. 

The city o£ Cliattanooga lies almost at your 
feet, yet 1,700 feet below you, the noise and 
din of its commerce lost to the ear; and the 
noble Tennessee, tracing its silvery and sin- 
uous course through its fertile valley, is vis- 
ible for many miles before it fades from view 
among distant mountains. Turn which way 



its ten -square miles ail the baltlelield. Lib- 
eral appropriations have been made by Con- 
gress to carry on tlie work, which has included 
m>t only the construction of a superb boule- 
vard from the city along the crest of Mission- 
ary Ridge, a distance of thirteen miles, but 
the restoration of the great battlefield, in 
such a way as to illustrate the actual move- 
ments of the two armies. 




,•• Tlie city uf Chattaiiooiija lies almost at voiii- tVet. aiul the noble 

thfouyrh the fertile vail 

you may, there is spread before the vision 
a mingling of the wild and picturesque, the 
romantic and inspiring, in startling and fas- 
cinating combinations. No matter at what 
season or how often one beholds these scenes, 
they are always entrancing, whether in the 
clear brigh greens and browns of spring ; the 
dazzling gold and rich crimson of autumn, or 
the silver and somber shades of winter. 

Down the valley, where the "din of Chicka- 
mauga awoke the Nation." the Government 
has established a National Park, embracing in 



-seeti'aivs its^ilvel■y and sinuous coui>e 
valley, j 

Congress has already ajjpropriated a half- 
million dollars. Twenty-three State Com- 
missions are now co-operating with the 
National Commission, of which Gen. H. V. 
Boynton is the able secretary, in locating 
battle lines and erecting monuments. The 
veterans and the great army societies on both 
sides are taking active interest in the pro- 
ject. Ohio has appropriated $95,000 for her 
hfty-five monuments, New York is expend- 
ing $81,000. and other States proportionate 
amounts. There are already over forty miles 



of finished roads of first-class construction in 
and about the park. Histoncai tablets, each 
with comprehensive text cast in the metal 
plates for army head([uartei's corps 
and divisions for both sides and for 
both days' battle, are already in 
place at Chickamausra and are 
ready for Chatlanooi^a. Five steel 
and iron observation towers, sev- 
enty feet high, at pronnnent points 
;on each field, atTord 
a wide range of 
vision. 

The grounds are 
a Park onl)- in the 
sense of l)eing re- 
■stored to- their con- 
dition at the time 
of the battle. No 
work has l)een done 
for purely decora- 
tive purposes. The 
old lines of works, 
and old houses 
a n d stone walls 
which were land- 
;marks in the battles 
and which were 
destroyed, have been simply restored. 

Chattanooga will of necessity remain the 
headquarters for the tide of visitors which 
from this time forward must be a continuing 
and increasing current. 

On the noble plateau which crowns the 
summit of Lookout Mountain, and facing the 
east, stands the beautiful Inn. Architect- 
urally a gem, whose graceful lines and at- 
tractive facj-ade mark it as a masterpiece of its 
designer, the Inn possesses within its walls 
all the elegancies and comforts of the finest 
hotels in America It has a frontage of three 
hundred and sixty five feet, and along the 
entire length run wiile and eoinfort:il)Ie ver- 




[• T^^<nt^ -three Stat 



of health and strength. The great entrance- 
hall, with Its artistic oak ceiling, beautiful 
quartered oak staircase, and broad and invit- 
ing fireplaces, lends in its entirety 
the effect of the luxurious interior of 
a modern nineteenth-cenlury man- 
sion of the rich. Into this beautiful 
liall open the parlors, reception and 
waiting roimis, all tastefully finished 
and decorated in quiet butexquisite 
taste. From the 
liroad w i n d o w s 
opening to the floor 
in all these rf)oms, 
as in fact from all 
t h e rooms in the 
house, may be had 
views which can- 
not be surpassed 
anywhere on any 
continent. The 
Inn is own e d by 
a company of 
wealthy Northern 
gentle m en, of 
which Mr. John P. 
Sanbf)i'n. of New- 
l)ort, is the Pres- 

and is presided over by Mr. M. S. 

(ribson, of the famous Ottawa House on Cush- 
ing's Island, Casco Bay, Maine — an ideal 
host, a stimptuous provider, and a man whose 
reputation is so wide that not to know him is 
to argue one's self unknown. 

The dining- hall, which is finished in quar- 
tered oak and artistically decorated, will ac- 
commodate six hundred persons, and so great 
is the popularity of the Inn that it is often 
taxed to its utmost capacity. There are 
billiard, reading, and smoking-rooms, and 
all the apjiointments of the Inn surpass those 
found in most of the better class of city 
hotels. It is lighted by electricity, heated4)y 



ident. 




>*T% 



^iHj^St- 



I ■.Viiliitecliiiull.v II Keiii « liosc jf'ui-tl'ul liiu-.s ami attr 

andas, upon vvhich one may spend hours or 
days in languid pleasure, with the world at 
your feet, and breathe an atmosphere so clear 
and bracing that it becomes a veritable elixir 



tivi- raciido imirk il ii.s .1 iimsli-i pii-ri- ut its (lf>li,iu-i . "J 

steam, and also has open fireplaces in both 
public and private rooms. AVide verandas 
surround three sides of the house, and i\ high 
tower, affording an unrivalled view, crowns 



the \v li 
In the cdu 
structioii, fit- 
t i n y a n d 
equipment ot" 
the Inn. the 
com (() V t ot 
the < '• u e s t s 




[" Beautiful and spacioiisin its IntciiDr 
appoiiitineijts.'*] 



li a s ]) e e n 
r i ni aril v 
(on side red. 
a n d sj^ee'ial 
attention has 
lieen t;iven to 
the . sanitary 
arrangements, wliich are as perfect as mod- 
ern science can make them — over $20,000 
having been expended on tiiem alone. A 
water-supply ol" great purity is abundant, and 
it is needless to add that its high location 
makes the drainage perfect. 

As a health resort Lookout .Mountain has 
no superior. The air is balmy and exhilarat- 
ing, the ])ine forest covering its surface fur- 
nishes that restorative element oeculiar to 
the pine trees. The absorl)ent ipialilv of the 
light and sandy soil prevents dam])ness. mal- 
aria and rheumatism being unknown. The 
elevation guarantees purity of atmosjihere. 
most .potent in its infiu,encx^s ,u])on sufferers 
from lung, throat and nervous diseases. 
Winter or summer it is a ])aradise. Those 
who come to it will l)e disposed to single it 
out for a second visit; and the fact that one 
of the best hotels in the country is here will 
complete the allurements to visitors escaping 
from the North and West to the pleasm-es of 
a warmer climate in the winter season. 

.\ 1 1 a n t a. whose 
name has been so 
indelibly written on 
the historical and 
commercial pages of 
the life of this na- 
tion, needs no ex- 
tended introduction 
to the r ea der. It 
stands to-day in 
the majesty of its 
1% strength, a typical 
' ' American city, full 
of energy, enter- 
])rise, and patriot- 
<i ism. Certainly no 
citv in the South and 
few in the entire country have as^ varied 
manufacturing interests or sounder financial 
institutions. It is the commercial and geo- 
graphical metropolis of a vast region, and to 
it, so far as the South is concerned, as to an- 
cient Rome, all roads lead. It is not within 
the intent of this article to tell in detail of 
Atlanta's great industrial interests, of the 
many millions of dollars invested in her 




fi,;|l!jj lit i, 

,ii,UiJjLl*-*!ii. 



\ 




I Cordial 
A endless 



manul'acturing and business enterprises, 
of her superb public buildings and com- 
mercial blocks, her miles of well-paved 
streets and handsome residences, her 
tifty miles of modern sewerage, her per- 
fect school system and modern educa- 
tional and religious edifices, and her 
magnilicent and costly opera house, the 
second largest in the United States. To 
tell it all woidd till a volume, so let us 
turn rather to her i)erhaps less important 
but also less prosaic features, and tell of 
her beautiful well-kept parks, including 
the McFherson military reservati<jn, the 
finest in all America, on which the Gov- 
ernment has sjient or will spend three mil- 
lions. Let us tell of her charming climate, 
which converts the severe winter of the North 
into Indian summer, and banishes utterly all 
bronchial and asthmatic troubles, which tem- 
pers too the heat of the summer, and gives 
those who live within her gates the opportu- 
nity to tell with truth that ihey need a blanket 
over them everv July or August night, for 
Atlanta is far enough' from the sea— and how 
history has associated those two names !— and 
high enough on the mountainous plateau to 
give her an altitude of 1.200 feel. She has a 
social life which is charming, her clubs rank 
with the best, and summer or winter the 
stranger will find not only a 
and iiospitaljle welcome, but an 
nimiber -of opportunities for 
ure. No city enjoys a 
more eipiabl'e w i n I e r 
climate, and any one 
going South for the sea-# 
son will not go amiss if^, ^ 
it is made a jnirt of their C„J 
plan to si^eiid a portion 
of the time, at least, in the "Gale City. 

Atlanta is now preparing to open in the 
fall of "95 a stupendous Exposition, to wl. Ji 
all the world will be invited. So much has 
been written about the enterprise that every 
one is more or less inforined concerning it. 
Any one familiar with Atlanta's citizens and 
their indomitable push and energy knows 
that it will be a success second only in point 
of magnitude to the. World's Fair. 

As the South is proud of Atlanta, so is 
Atlanta proud of the Aragon Hotel— a noble 
structure, in every way typical of all that is 
advanced in American 'architecture, good 
taste and refined elegance. It stands on the 
highest point in the city, just where the com- 
mercial centre ends and the residential por- 
'tion begins. . I'eachtree Street, known every- 
ihe travelled as one of the most 
beautiful lesi - 
den ce avenues in 
this countiy, has 
its beginning at 
almost the very 
doors of the Ara- 
gon, and across 
from it are the 
fashionable Cap- 
ital Club and 

•OiiKly Hospital hnilt in ini-iiioiv ,,„£, m or 'c 

of Heniv (iiii(i.v."i the Govcinors 




■StHleCajiilcl. 



where amom 





f)f visitors and escorts them to the luxurious and 

V superbly furnished veception rooms and parlors. 

^|The Ar'ag'O" i> conducted on both the American 

' ~ and European plans, and a large 

jioTtion of the ground floor is 

lakcn up with the cafe, which is 

i hanniiigly and richly furnished. 

of wide-spreading 

palms give it a scmi- 



undred 



II that is julv 



["Tlif .\r:iuMii I1..II-I. a iiuliU' strui-U:ri-. 1> (.icil 

aivhitt'ftmv, j^iukI taste, ami relined eleyrance."! 

mansion, while just below is the Grand Opera 
House, and three squares beyond that the 
Union depot. The Aragon is not only ac- 
knowledged to be the tinest all-the-year hotel 
in the South, but would, if located in New 
■York among the majestic and gorgeous hotel- 
palaces of the metropolis, attract attention. 
Madame Patti-Nicolini, after having spent 
several days there last winter, wrote an 
autograph letter to Mr. Frank Bell, the 
President of the Aragon Company, in which 
she said that her apartments at the Aragon 
were the finest and most luxurious of any she 
had ever occupied in America, antl that every- 
thingelse was in keeping. "This," said she, 
"is a little burst of enthusiasm, every word 
of which is meant." Th 
ext':3rior of the Aragon i 
ol che Spanish Roman 
esque type, the first 
story being of hand- 
some (ieorgia marl 
and the remaining 
five of brick witl 
marble trimmings 
T he main e n • 
trance is under a 
massive arch of 
graceful liii es, 
and opens intt) 
the office, a spa- 
cious room, w a i ;, 
scoted in cabinet oak 
nine f e e t from the 
marble fi o o r. T h ■ 
ceiling is raftered i: 
the same beaut if u i 
wood, which add- to 
the liarmonious effect. 
To the left of the main 
entrance is the ladies' 
entrance and recep- 
tion room, in charge 
of a servant in livery, 
who receives the cards 



tropical appearance. 
It IS modelled after 
•" that in the Holland 
House, New York, and 
is no way its inferior. 
The main dining- 
room is spacious, and 
richly furnished. It is 
finished in oak with 
-arge buffets and fireplaces. 
At one er (1 are t\\ o lai gecllip- 
tical windows, 30 feet each, 
making the end entire glass. 
The ceiling is panelled with 
heavy oak beams, and decor- 
ated' in sixteenth-century 
stvle. The electric features of this room are 
especially attractive, the centre pillars being 
entwined with a vine efi'ect in electric light. 
The breakfast-room is appointed in pure 
Castilian style, and on the walls are hung 
beautiful paintings in oil on tapestry. The 
entire table service is of the finest Haviland 
china and Gorham silverware, each piece 
bearing the crest of the royal house of Ara- 
gon, while the cuisine is above criticism. 
Every day the best markets in New York con- 
tribute their quota, to which are added the 
delicacies and specialties of the South. An 
orchestra of fine musicians adds to the enjoy- 
ment of the dinner. The furnishings of the 
Aragon arc throuehout of the finest and nvist 




attractive patterns, the tapestries and carpets 
luxurious The house is new ajid nothing 
but the most modern in furniture or tittings 
has been placed in it. 

Upon the roof a charming roof-garden at- 
tracts ecich evening, during the summer 
months, many of Atlanta's best social circles. 
It is a bit of fragrant fairyland, with palms, 
blooming howers and tinkling fountains, 
where nightly one of the finest orchestras in 
the city regales with restful melodies the 
chosen few who have access to its beauties. 

The management of the Aragon is what 
might be expected in such a perfectly ap- 
pointed house. In fact, even the traveller 
who tarries but for a day is impressed with 
the perfect system and complete supervision 
which pertains to every department. At no 
hotel, whether Xcjrth, South, East or West, will 
the visitor be made to feel more completelv 
at home, or will he be lietter cared for while a 
guest. During his many visits to Atlanta, the 
writer has never seen a dav, winter or summer. 



«s 




which was not climaticallv ideal, the average 
winter day being like those of Indian summer 
in New York and New England. 

The opening of the famous Kimball House 
at Atlanta several vears ago was chronicled 
far and wide, not as an item of local interest 
alone, but as of importance to the entire 
South. It was a matter of general public 
congratulation, and it is no exaggeration to 
say that it was the keynote of the new 
era commerciallv in Atlanta and the 
Southern Atlantic Coast States. The 
Kimball is a magnificent structure , 
architecturally beautiful and located in 
the very heart of the city, surrounded by 
the business marts f)f trade and in close 
proximity to the Union depot, where all 
the great lines of railroad centre, and from 
which electric street car lines run to everv 
portion of the city and out to the delight- 
ful suburbs and parks. This great hotel 
can readily accommodate a thousand 
guests, and its light and airy corridors 
and spacious arcades on every floor not 
onlv relieve any impression of crowding, 
but' afford the guests delightful prome- 
nades from which they may look down 
upon the office lobl)y, which. es])ecially 
at evening, when brilliantlv illuminated. 








[■'Till- Kiinhall i 



1 maprniluMMit ^ti'urtini 
ry heart u( tln' cit.v."] 



with its hundreds of electric lights, presents 
an animated scene of ever-changing interest. 
This lobbv is famous in the political annals 
of Georgia, for in it, especially during the 
sessions'of the State Legislature, more polit 
ical schemes are made and unmade than in 
anv other room in the South. On the grcnind 
floor, which has entrances on three principal 
streets, and connected with the oflice, are the 
general ticket offices of the principal railroads, 
telegraph offices open all night, large billiard 
rooms, and every convenience for the travel- 
ling public. The Kimball is perfect in all of 
itsappointments, its cuisine excellent, and its 
table abundantly supplied with the best the 
markets afford. It is run only on the Amer- 
ican plan, and Charles Beermann & Co.. the 
proprietors, are well known to the travelling 
public as thorough, genial, and popular 
liosts. They are also proprietors of the 
Markham Hotel, which is, like the Kim- 
ball, in close proximity to the Union depot, 
and is a thoroughly comfortable hotel. 

Tourists visiting the South will find the 
route from New York to Jacksonville, via 
Atlanta, a very desirable one, especially if it 
includes a sojourn in the "Gate City." 




[■•The tieijs ;luiii]g- c-ottoii piekiiiK soasuii are full ol' life." 



Tile city of Chariolle, X. C. is historically 
interesting" from the fact that it was here that 
the " Mecklenburg Declaration of Indepen- 
dence" was adopted. It isS als<i ilic centre 
of the North Car(jlin;i ^, 
gold-fields, and a mint \va- ^'*^' 
f o r m e r 1 y estal) 
lished h c re , at 




T)ii- Hoti-l Bill. in 1 is ; 



il»t:<iitial .'Uid • 



ifiiiliiblc .-tniitiire.' 



which over $5,oo().o(k) in gold was deposited 
up to the breaking out of the war, when the 
mint was abandoned. At Charlotte, the 
Southern Railway forks, the eastern stem 
running south, connecting at Cohnnbia, S. C, 
with F. C. & P. for Florida points, while the 
western continues to Atlanta. It is a thriv- 
ing manufacturing town of i 5,500, with all the 
energy, push, ;ui.d enterprise of a metropolis. 
It has a score of extensive factories, and seven 
cotton mills, splendidly paved streets, and 
handsome business blocks and residences. It 
is perhaps as typical a city of the "New 
South" as could be named. It supports two 
pnisperous daily papers, 37 churches, a uni- 
versity and excellent schools, and it is des- 
tined to be within ;i few yeiu's a commercial 
and manufacturing centre of recognized na- 
tional importance. Everywhere there are the 
evidences of wealth, thrift, progress, and im- 
provement. Broad, well-paved streets, well- 
built, prospercnis- looking storehouses, mag- 
nificent residences, with their grand old 
trees and well-kept lawns, a $100,000 (govern- 
ment building, and busy, bustling, and ex- 
tensive fact(jries attract the eye of the 
stranger and im])ress him with the fact that 
Charlotte is only rightly named when her 
people call her the "Queen Citv <>f the Old 
North State." 

Tourists en route to or from Florida will 
find Charlotte an excellent place to break the 
journey and will be amply repaid for the time 
spent here. They will f\nd a most 
satisfactory hotel there in 
. ~ ■. ; .•■■'!l''v the Bn f (jrd, 
9-\y ii i c h is a 







mmm^ 







thoroughly 
modern build- 
ing, a n d lias 



lately been completely refitted ami refur- 
nished at great expense and with excellent 
taste. It is one of the handsomest and best- 
managed hotels in the South, and its present 
proprietors, .Messrs. Farintosh and Anier, 
have each had a long and successful e.xpe- 
rience in Imtel management in the North. 
They exercise a personal .supervision over all 
portions of the house. '1 he Buford is a sub- 
stantial structuie of brick, has about i(x> 
rooms, and in it are all the modernisms (jf the 
best hotels, including electric lights, rapid 
elevator, return call bells, steam heat and 
open fire{)laces. Charlotte is becoming 
more and nnu'e popular as a place for 
Northern people to spend the winter, and 
the Buford offers a comfortable home 
to all such as ma\- wish to remain for an 
extended period. 

As the dining-room and kitchen are 
located on the top fioor, all unpleas- 
ant odors are avoided, and in addition 
the 'guests have a delightful outhjok. 
Altogether the Bufoid Hotel is as near 
jierfect as good management and 
comfortable surroundings can make it. 
Brunswick, (ia.. jiresents one of the 
most remarkable records of develop- 
I ment of any city in the South. Ten 

years ago it was a struggling village 
ilepemlcnt upon shoal-draught vessels for its 
commerce of lumber and naval stores. To- 
day it is a thrifty city of 10,000 population, 
with a shipping business of $14,000,000 an- 
nually, and giving cargoes to the deepest 
draught vessels. There is also a regular line 
of steamships sailing fortnightly from Bruns- 
wick to Liverpool. This is larg-ely due to its 
importance as the South Atlantic terminus 
of the Southern Railway, and to the remark- 
able success of Col. C. P. (ioodyear in deep- 
ening its ocean bar by the explosion of dyna- 
mite, thus in two years changing the 
depth from 17 feet at mean high tide to 
23.(). The peninsula on which Bruns- 
wick is situated is entirelv siu'rounded 
l)y salt water, and furnishes 35 miles of 
deep-draught wharfage. The town is 
pre-eminently healthful, and with its new 
system of sewerage and drainage, cost- 
ing $170,000, will be freed from even the 
casual effects of autumn malarias. The 
city and county hav'e a splendid system 
of graded public schools, modern in 
eiiuipment and curriculum. One of the 
most jileiisant features of Brunswick is 
its chain of a dozen .sea-girted islands, with 
long stretches of magnificent beach, and rap- 
idly coming into prominence as ideal winter 
resorts. There is Jekyl Island, famous the 
world over as the beautiful winter home of 
multi-millionaires, and its splendid hunt- 
ing-grounds, with wild boar, deer, quail and 
other winged game; Cumberland, with its 
magnificent hotels ; St. Simon, the isle of tra- 
ditions, and villages of summer resort ; on all 
sides the rarest of fishing-grounds. These 
islands are charming both in winter and sum- 
mer. Brunswick is equally enticing in its 
delights of summer breeze and winter free- 




dom from cUl. As a country <^t triuts and 
vee-etables the section adjacent to Brunswick 
is nnich the same as Florida, and ..ranges, 
lemons ..lives, l.;,nanas, pecans, and ..ther 




jj;ieat livc-<>:iks I 

semi-tropi^*al fruits are grown by home gar- 
deners to remarkable perfection. On the re- 
claimed marsh a;,d swamp lands celery is 
grown to perfection. There is much to attract 
the seeker after ante-bellum lore in this sec- 
tion, and everywhere traces of the life that has 
been so fascinating to writers of modern tac- 
tion. From the standpoint of either business 
or pleasure F.ruaswick should not be over- 
looked bv the Southern tourist or the h.)me- 
seeker. 'it is surely destined to achieve great 
future commercial importance. That por- 
tion of the Southern Railway which runs be- 
tween Atlanta and Brunswick connects at 
Everett with Florida Central&PemnsularKy. 

Savannah, which has a population ot 
65 000, is distinctly Southern m its ap- 
pe'arance, and the plan of the city de- 
sio-ned by Oglethorpe, its founder, has 
been adhered to. No other American 
city has a greater wealth of foliage. ..r 
such charm'ing seclusion and such sylvan 
perfection, so united with all the conve- 
nience and compactness of a great com- 
mercial city. Its public squares are 
adorned with statues and fountains, and 
are tilled with gigantic live-oaks, be- 
decked with the graceful hanging nn.ss 
of the tropics, with here and there beau- 
tiful magn..lias. catalpas, and banana 
trees. Among the flowers the most beau- 
tiful are the rose and the camel) la-ja- 
ponica, which bloom lu.xuriantly in mid- 
winter in the open air. 

But its natural beaut v is not alLthat- 
Savannah boasts. Its architecture is va- 
ried and striking, much of it in the quaint 
fashion of bvgone davs, but with those 
characteristics that the art of the present 
day is eager to counterfeit. It is rich m his- 
toric memories ; and having passed through 
four wars, it is necessarily a city of much his- 



toric interest. To-day Savannah is repre- 
sentative both of the old and the new South. 
]t possesses manv of the chracteristics of the 
ante-bellum period, with the thrift, enter- 
prise, business activity, and the wealth 
that have made it a great cmimercial city. 
Among its historically interesting public 
buildings is the old theatre built in the 
eaily part of the century and now the old- 
est playhouse in America. The Teltair 
.Vcademy of Arts and Sciences, the art 
-allery of the South, occupying the home 
Ml one of the early governors of the col- 
..ny, has become famous within the last 
tew years. A writer in the Magazine of 
Art says of it that it is like nothing so 
much as a bit of Munich strayed from the 
banks of the Iser to the New World. 

Christ Church, the oldest church m the • 
citv, dates fr<.in the founding «.f the col- 
im\\ John Wesley having been its rector,_ 
lon'o- before he espoused the doctrine ot 
Merhodism. It was in Christ Church that 
the first Sunday School was established 
by Wesley half'a centurv before Robert 
Raikes w'ho is honored as the f..under of 
Sundav Schools, originated the scheme 
of Sundav instructicm in England. '1 he 
Independent Presbyterian Church dates back 
to 1755 and in its dedication. President 
lames Monroe assisted. The Cathedral of 
St John the Baptist, \.\\Q(io)ints ui the Roman 
Catholic see of Savannah, i,s one of the fiiie^t 
ecclesiastical structures in the S.)Uth. The 
architecture is French C.othic. in the style of 
the Notre Dame Cathedral in Pans. Wesley 
Monumental Church, alth.iugh of modern 
architecture, is, strange as it may seem, the 
only known nK.nument to the founder ot 
Methodism, and stands within a short dis- 
tance of the great preacher's first pulpit in 
America. One of the most famous^ and 
beautiful cemeteries in all America is "Boiia- 




I- Its p.lbli,- s.,..a.-.-s a.-.- :..lom.-.l » it 1. s.mI.m-. :.,,.: ,..,..„....,.-. j 

venture," at Savannah, and within its sacred 
confines have been buried many of the most 
distinguished S.nitherners. 



Fenuindiiui is locaied in a sheltered situation 
on the west side of Amelia Island, the north- 
ern extremity of which guards the entrance to 
Cumberland Sound and tlie extensive land- 




[■'Tlie rt'fidfiu'e inntiii 

locked harbor, into which open the St. Maw's 
and Amelia Rivers from Nassau Inlet, the 
finmer from the west, and the latter from the 
southeast. 

The harbor of I'ernandina is one of the fin- 
est and most commodious on the Atlantic 
coast. It issimilar to Charleston and Savan- 
nah in havint^ a Inu'at its entrance, and in re- 
spect to the draught which can be carried to it.-; 
wharves the three cities are ,about on a par. 
Hut Fernandina excels the others in that the 
wharfing shore is only about three miles from 
the sea -buoy or open ocean. 

Throughout the jiortion <A' I'ernandina de- 
voted to pri\-ate residences are found some 
of the luindsomest and cosiest homes in all 
Floridii. The gently sloping eminence upon 
which this portion of the city is built affords 
facilities for ample drainage, which has been 
thoroughly effected by a perfect and modern 
system of sewerage. The atmosphere, laden 
with the perfume of the sea and exhalations 
from the vast pine forests near at hand, is 
])ure and healthful ; and the ocean tides, 
swce])ing over the salt marshes, leave no 
nialaria-l)reeding stagnant ])ools. In the 
light sandy soil, mixed with comminuted 
shell, is found a source of jiroductivencss 
attested by the luxuriant growth of the 
orange trees and shade trees of all kinds, 
including the stately palm, and of the nu- 
merous vegetable-gardens and flower-yardr; 
abounding in and about the city. 

Rut the beach of Amelia Island, only two 
miles from l"'ernandina proper, demands more 
than passing attention. It is about twenty- 



two miles long, and has an average width of 

two miles. The driveway to the Heach from 

the town is a compact shell road. 

.Among the interesting antiquarian objects 
at Fernandina are the 
site of the old fort and 
the "Old Town" of Fer- 
nandina, relics of the old 
Spanish times. Some 
two or three miles from 
the town stands old Fort 
Clinch. 

IvKcursions by steamer 
through C u m b e r 1 a n d 
Sound bring the tourist 
to some delightful places 
on the surrounding isl- 
ands. On Cnmlierland 
Island is the historic es- 
tate of Dungeness (now 
the property of ]\Ir. Car- 
negie) donated to Gen- 
eral Nathaniel Greene by 
the State. Broad av- 
enues, bounded by plant- 
ations of ancient orange 
and olive-trees and bor- 
dered by g i a n t o a k s, 
penetrate the Island, on 
which rest the ashes of 
" Light Horse Harry" Lee 
of Revolutionary fame. 
Jekvl Island is also in 

raeiiiti..s..x..ik.„t,-| ^i^g vicinity, and is the 

property of the Jekyl Island Club. 

A number of jjersons doing business in 
Jacksonville are residents of Fernandina, 
going to and froovei" the I'lorida Central and 
Peninsular Railroad. 

Jacksonville, a city of nearly thirty thousand 
l)eople, stretches back from and beside the 
banks of the noble St. John's River. It is 
cosmopolitan, as such a place must be that 
is the gateway by which the throngs that 
visit Florida every winter enter the State. 
Constantl}'- improving railroad facilities have 
brought it into close contact ffj 

with the cities of the North 
and "West, and a new union 
depot is in course of erection 
for the accommodation of the 
travelling p n 1) 1 i c. At this 
])f)int in the lieart of the city, 
the Florida Central and 
Peninsidar Railroad has 
its terminal, with large 
yard facilities and 
wharves at which the 
New York steamers of 
the "Clyde" line land and 
embark their passengers 
and freight, and from 
Jacksonville the Florida 
Central and Peninsular 
sends out branches 
in all directions — 
north, through Sa- 
vannah and Colum- 
bia, to the highlands 
of South Carolina. 




the magniticent, towering mountain '— -- "r- 
peaks of North Carolina and Ten- 
nessee, and over the hills of Old Vir- ^ ^ife. 
ginia to the cities of the North, by t ^^^^ 
the Southern Railway system ; north- ''''"■ 
west via Everett, by vestibuled trains 
to Cincinnati, passing through 
INIacon, Atlanta, and Chattanooga. j 
over the hills of Georgia and the pic- ! ,^^ 
turesque scenery of Tennessee, and ' ■ "W 
luxuriant Kentucky ; again through 
Everett, by a through-car line, by 
Macon, Atlanta, Birmingham, jNIem- ; 
phis, on the bluffs of the Mississippi, | 
into the heart of Missouri and out to \^-^^fs^istx 
the plains of Kansas ; and still again 
by another line to St. Louis, by Holly Springs, to 
Chicago by the Illinois Central, and as far as Sioux City, 
Avith but one change of cars. 

To the west it stretches an arm through the l:)eautiful 
Hill Countrv of Middle Florida, on its own line as far 
as the Chattahoochee River, where, forming a connec- 
tion with the Louisville and Nashville, it takes the 
traveller through Pensacola, Mobile, and straight to 
New Orleans, "without change of cars, whence he can 
travel directly to Texas, Mexico, California, and the 
Pacific Coast. 

Southward it bends its course like the fingers of a 
hand, covering the most important portions of Florida 
to the very edge of the Gulf of Mexico at Cedar Key 
and Tampa, and almost to the Atlantic Ocean on the 
east at Orlando and Winter Park. More of Florida can 





be seen on its line than on any other in the 
State. Some detail may be desirable. Re- 
verting to its western arm after leaving Jack- 
sonville, and passing westward through some 
miles of odorous and healthful 
pine, we come to the older 
settled regions, formerly the 
seats of elegant mansions, 
large plantations, and still of 
substantial com- 
fort, and waiting 
to give content to 
numerous fam - 
ies who shall 
lereafter appre- 
ciate the rather 
hted, at pre- 
sent bounties ot 
this p a cti on ot 
Florida. 




111.- tiiiiit oaks oil Uie town avoTiiu-.- oi lalhiliassee 
aif pictuivs(nie." 

Lake City— the seat of the Agri- 
cultural C(.)'llege of Florida— Mad- 
ison, and (jreenville, JNIonti- 
cello, Tallahassee,' and Quincy are 
all in this beautiful country of hill 
and dale, and as in general char- 
acteristics they are similar, a de- 
script ion of Taflahassee, the capital, 
will give a fair idea of all. It is 
not an orange-producing section, 
though many orange-trees are 
grown in sheltered localities and 
near the dwellings; but around 
the ample residences there is an 
air of plenty, and under the great 
oaks of the town avenues there is 
picturesque beauty. The glossy 
leaves of the magnolia trees and 
the luxuriance of the gardens at- 
test a teeming soil and a benefi- 
cent climate, and the peasantry 
of the countrv, the fat, healthy, and laugh- 
ter-loving dark-hued tillers of the soil, trav- 
elling along the roads with their many- 
shaped vehicles and teams of oxen, mules, 
or horses, or an assortment of all, show that 
nature generously gi\'es them plenty to eat, 
and abundance of time for frolic. Talla- 
hassee, the county-seat of Leon and the cap- 
italof Florida is 165 miles west of Jacksonville, 
and stands upon the summit of a hill 250 feet 
above the level of the Gulf of Mexico, from 
which, onlv 25 miles distant, it receivesex- 
hilarating breezes laden with the odors of the 
unbroken pine-forests between. 

To the north and east and west are other 
hills, among which lie placid, clear lakes, 
svith f)anks' of varying scenery and rich 
growths ot woodland . Lake Lafayette, on the 
former estate ot Marquis de la Fayette, 
o-i.anted 'aim by i:b-3 grateful country to 




wliosc service he lent liis er.ergies, 
Lakes Jackson. Hull, and lamonia. 

The town itself presents very pleas- 
ing;' I'eatures, einbowerecT as it is in a 
profusion of flowers, and in it and lite 
suirounding- country one niij4-ln he 
indelinitely detained with ajL;reeal)le so- 
||pi^-»:;\ c;„w--yciety ; by the romantic drives in al 
^ ' 7' directions: by shootinv;- water fowl <> 

'r5i|^^*^^ ^fishing and boatin;,; on the lakes; vis 
itint;the vineyards, for here thej^rape 
industry has reaeheil a nio t suceess- 
fid issue ; or the stock-farms, where 
intelligent I'are has reniovetl the re- 
proach that line Jerseys cannot he 
^' reared in Florida ; or the Murat I'lace, 

where for the moment the memor\- -; 

of its former owner. Prince .\lurat, so.i 
of the great Marshal, takes us hack to 
Napoleon's lime — and so on. One niav 
also visit Wakulla Springs, about iS 
miles distant, where the spring issues 
forth in a calm, broad sheet, walleil in 
on each side by dense, dark, lonesome 
cypress forests that echo to the crv of 
wild birds. Down in the depths of its 
transpaient, crystal waters, it is jjossible 
to follow with the eye revolving bits of 
tin, until they are seen resting 
on the bottom, iSo feet below. In 
this romantic vicinity is tlw in- 
visible volcano, where a stream 
of smoke arises, l^'or all one 
knows, itmay guard the tradition- 
al " Fountain of Youth." but what- 
ever mystery it hides, it has ' 
guarded its secret well, for uoiie have jiene- 
trated it. St. .Marks, near the Ciulf Coast, is 
the terminus of a branch of the road from 
Tallahassee, and is the summer resort of 
Tallahas.seers who go there, and to the 
nearS;. Tlierc-a Island, li> risli and hunt. 

This hill t'ountrv 



many points of attraction for the tourist and 
prospector. The ( )ld Fort Harlee orange- tree, 
long known as the largest in the State, stood 
in this neighborhood. The Kennard grove, 
]Hach and fruit orchard, famous the world 
over, is here, as well as the 
fruit farm, and Col, Liv 
grove. Mel 
rose, distant 
eleven mi 



extensive ke\"stone 
ngston's beautiful 





of middle 
vields c o t t 

l)ilCCO, SU<'' 



Flori.l; 
)n, to- 
.r-cane. 



corn, oats, rye, 
Japanese plums, 
Japanese persini- 
m <) n s, pears, 
peaches, grapes, li.gs, 
strawberries, m e 1 - 
ons, sweet potatoes, 
and all vegetables. 
It has hsh and game 
in abundance. 

Again in Jackson- 
ville, with our fiiccs 
turne<l southward, 
still over the Florida 
Central and I'enin- 
s u 1 a r , we j) as s 
through Lawtev, settled by Northern ])eople, 
the chief industry being beside orange culture, 
vegetable and strawberry farming, to the 
success of which their neat, and often ele- 
gant, residences attest. Starke is surrounded 
by "Orange groves, peach and jK-ar orchards, 
vineyards, and strawberry farms. At Waldo, 
the junction of the Cedar Kev division, are 



.il.'l^ aim ijriK-i'lul iMliM,- >ilh.iii(ll,Ml :i-:iiM>l Ih.' li.,iizoii.-| 

is neaohed by a tri]) thiough the canals and 
the beautiful Alto and Santa Vq lakes. 
^ But we will, at this point, diverge to the 
Cedar Key division, which starts at Waldo 
and first reaches l-^airbanks. one of the health- 
iest spots in Florida, with some excellent 
cheap land, awaiting settlers. Several large, 
com])act bodies f)f virgin pine limber close to 
trans])ortalion a\\-ait the sawmill. 

(lainesville is a gas-lighted eitv, with a 
street-railway system and two l)aid<s. It is a 
commercial centre, the location of the United 
States Land ( )f1iee for F 1 o r i d a. It has the 
linest road in the Slate, consisting of seven 
miles of continuous rock roads through the 
surrounding vegetable farms, which are not 
surjjassed for fertility anywhere in the State. 

Across Lake Newman'is Windsor, consid- 
ered by many the handsomest tow n 
in I'^lorida. 'It has the only tub. 
bucket, ard ])ail factory hi the 
State, and ofl^ers e.\traorrHnar\- 
inducements to newcomers, 
here we reach Micanopv. Ro 
Arredondo. long famous ^ 
for their rich lands and ^■" 
wealthy truck farmers. A \ 
settlement of Friends, or Ouake 
witli a handsome meeting-house 
located at Archer, and near by i 
the famous Shell I'oiid nnrserii 
I'rom Archer runs the "Mine 
liranch," which givi'S access t< 
the ])hosphate mines— the new 




Portland, Standard, Seminole, Baltimore 
Company's, the Boulder, P:arly Bird, the New- 
York Ccrapanv's, nearlv all of which are 
shipping, their product being of high grade ; 
and the stations of Williston. Montbrook, Sal- 
vator, Standard Junction, Early Bird, and 
Eagle Mine. 




, Fli.rida, the jouiii.-v by boat down the tn.pi.ul i 
is the most inteicsliiiii' " I 

Kanapaha, equi-distant from Archer and 
Gainesville seven miles, is surrounded by 
high rolling pine lands, conducive to health. 
Here can be seen several liundred acres ot 
fine voung orange grf)ves, just commg into 
bearing. 'The hunting is fine. Bvonson. the 
couaty seat of Levy "county, has' some ex- 
tensive commercial interests. 

The "Gulf Hammock" can be reached Irom 
here or more easilv from Otter Creek, where 
a few miles distant is the Ciulf Hammock 
House of Captain Wingale, where sportsmen 
from all parts of the world gather each year. 
Game of all kinds abounds in this whole 
re^non. Cedar Kev i^ on an island m the 
Gulf of Mexico, 'surrounded bv numerous 
other "kevs," or islands of great beauty of 
location. 'The climate of this place is most 
equable and temperate and well repays a v'sit 
' of some duration. The American, the "Faber 
and the Eagle pencil mills are located here 
Fish, oysters, and lumber are the principal 
articles' of export. 

The central lake region, nearly 200 feet 
above the sea level, contains the most famous 
and fertile lands, perhaps, m the 
State. Lakes Santa Fe, Geneva, Alto, 
Newnan, Navarre, Lew, Lochloosa, 
and Orange are all hue bodies of 
water, aiuf atf ord remarkable protec- 
tion from the frost. 

Here we havefullv entered upon the 
"Orange Belt." Occasionally we 
shall see in the midst of the luxuriant 
vegetation of the hammocks along 



the road bright clusters of wild oranges. 
These were formerly utilized in the shape of 
juice and sent to the manufacturers to be 
converted into citric acid, but later on these 
native trees were grafted to sweet kinds, and 
became the foundation of the most magni- 
ticent groves in the cf)untry. 

Such a one we see after passing 
Orange Heights and Campville — 
a center of activity in the manu- 
facture of bricks, tile, jiottery, and 
orange and fruit crates made 
I roni native w o o d ; Hawthorne, 
prolific in the fruits— peach 
and orange— of a soil rich with 
iiell and marl on a clay basis; 
long the palmetto lined shore of 
i.ochloosa, crossing an arm of 
I range Lake, whose waters are 
concealed far out by a mantle of 
reeds and lily pads; and our de- 
lighted course is for nearly a mile 
among 70,000 full-bearing trees. 
Twelve hundred fine trees had to 
removed to make room for 
the construction of the track. So 
on through Citra, embowered 
among live oaks and magnolias, 
Anthony, in the high, 
healthy pine land, with its 
numerous phosphate plants 
mills, and stores, schools and 
beau ti f nl churches, a 11 d 
Spring Park, bright with its 
attractive winter homes, in- 
habited bv New England and Middle 
States i)eople, with fine young groves 
growing up around them. Two miles 
down, on a branch of the road, is the 
tourisfs objective point, the Silver 
Si)rin;'S. Into a vast basin 600 feet in 
diameter and 60 feet deep, the spring 
issues in one body of clear, pure water 
that flows awav continuously for eight miles 
in the Silver Spring Run into the romantic 
Ocklawaha. Dailvtrips on this are made by 
the launch Klizalnth, Capt. James Coons. 

Ocala and the Semi-Tropical Exposition 
next demand our attention. Ocala has many 
elements of solid prosperity. Immense bear- 






ing orange groves, wide-spread truck tarms. 
cotton plantations, corn fields and other agri 
cultural industries, make it an important com ^ 
mercial centre. To these have been added 
large manufacturing interests. It is now also 



the centre of j^reat phosphate interests. The 
city is lighted l)y electricity, has a street rail- 
way system, tlrst-class water works, lire pro- 
tection and paved streets. The handsomest 
exhibit of Florida products ever made was at 
the Semi-Tnipical at Ocala in iSSS. 










[■• Wlirii the sufrar-cane Is being (?ut."J 

From (V'ala to Wildwood, and thence <jn 
the easterly branch of the road to Orlando, is 
a succession of villa54-es and towns, from 
which the traveller has only to stray a little 
distance to find himself by some beautiful 
clear water lake, or in the nridst of groves 
and dwellings often tasteful and elegant. 

Leesburg and Tavares are among the prin- 
cipal towns. Orlando shares with Ocala, 
Gainesville, Tallahassee, a n d Tampa the 
prominence of being cme of the most imjiort- 
ant and enterprising towns in this 
section of country. It is one of those 
remarkable places that like many 
Western towns have grown up al- 
most in anight, as it were, contrary 
to all e.xpectations. 

Beautiful lakes diversify the coun- 
try in its vicinity, and thrifty orange 
groves abound. Villas and cottages 
form cosy winter homes. 

The terminus of the Florida Cen- 
tral and Peninsular's southern divi- 
sion is Tampa, famous for its beau- 
tiful groves and tn^pical shade trees. 
Tampa Bay and harbor are renownei 
for their fish as f(jr the pleasure sa 
ing and rowin^j they afford. Tanr 
apjiears destinetl to great commerc 
imjiorlance in the near futiu^e ; am' 
just now much talked of as tlie uniti 
point of the transcontincTital tra 
with South America. 

The mammoth Tampa Hotel, which 
is Tinder the superb management <>\ 
Mr. J. II. King, is, of course, tlie most attrac- 
tive "feature of the ])lace, and is without ques- 
tion the most magnificent and costly tourist 
hotel in the world. Nine miles from Tampa 
is the Inn, far out in the bay and built over the 
water on piling. From this point the line of 



steamers sail regularly to and from Havana, 
Cuba (touching en route each waj- at Key- 
West). Visitors to that interesting and trop- 
ical island will find the Tampa route the most 
desirable and enjoyable one. Tampa is easily 
reached fnmi all Northern, Eastern or West- 
ern points by the Southern Ry. in conjunc- 
tion with the "F C «5c P. " 

At Lacochee the Florida Central and 
Peninsular connects with the Sanford and 
St. Petersburg Railroad, which runs over 
one of the most beautiful portions of Flor- 
ida, along the coast of the (iulf of Mexico. 
Tarpon Springs, Dunedin, Sutherland, 
Clear Water Harb(jr, St. Petersburg are 
all points of resort. This is the region 
where the "Silver King" of tish, the 
gamcy tarpon, has its haunts and where he 
maybe taken if one has the requisite skill 
and necessary tackle. After one of these 
magnificent specimens of the finny tribes 
has been killed, every other kind of fishing 
loses much of its charm, 
for it is without cjues- 
tion the most exciting 
experience which ever 
comes to a man with 
rod and I'cel. There are 
many resorts on Tampa 
Bav easily accessible by 
daily steamers from 
Port Tampa, where 
the best of fishing 
m a \- b e h a d . 
Wild fowl are 
also very 
plenty in 
the numer- 
ous inlets. 





ii-ts of inapniHciiii .mil ^ifttil\ I'lur i.>i.-i- 

i'"lorida is in these dux > caMl\ a«.cc.^,-,. ■;C 
from all points North, Fast, South and West 
via the Southern Ry. and the "F C & P," and 
tourists will find the accommodations and. 
train service on these lines equal to any in 
America. 



Jacksonville has been called the i;ateway 
of Florida, and so it is coninieicially and 
geographically, as here all the great railway 
and steamships lines centre, and from here 
as a point of radiation all Florida tourist 
travel begins ; but let no one consider it a 
mere entrepot, a place in which to tarry only 
long enough to get one's bearinus befo 
taking a fresh start, for it is i: 
most delightful of Florida 
sorts. In it are combmed 
varied attractions of many o 
leading places of the 



it is the ideal hostelry of the South. It has 
accommotlations for Hve hundred guests, and 
offers them the choice of rooms large or small, 
single, double or en suite, with or without 
baths. Its seven hundred feet of broad 
verandas facing the beautiful park, and 
shaded by wide- 
; a d i n <r 1 i 




[" As the St. James has grown into llie pi tscnt ni 

State. It has also about it innumerable 
charming places, easy of access, to which 
short excursions maj' be made. Then, too, 
the tourist may be well cared for at its 
renowned hotel, the St. James, of which ]Mr. 
J. R. Campbell is proprietor. 

It is just a quarter of a century since the 
first St. James was opened, an unpretentious 
little hotel, but one which took a stout hold 
upon public popularity; and as it has grown 
into the present mammoth structure, so has its 
popularity increased. Within its hospitable 
walls is found ever}' comfort which modern 
ingenuity has devised, and in addition 
that indefinable but much-appreciated 
atmosphere, best described by the abused 



moth structure, so has its pupularity increased.' 

oaks, afford the amplest opportunities for 
])romenades or rest. Whether morning, 
afternoon, or evening, these great jDorches 
reflect the social life of the house. Here are 
gathered gay groups whose merry laughter 
mingles with the delightful harmonies of the 
orchestra. Here one may sit for hours in 
the balmiest atmosphere and perchance read 
of heavy snows and storms of sleet in the 
winter-ridden North, or he may stroll among 
the shade-embowered walks of the park, or 
visit the many points of interest in the city. 
The cuisine of the St. James is in keeping 
with its excellent management. The table 
is abundantly supplied with the very best of 
evervthing to be found in both Northern and 




[" One may sit for hours ni tlie balmiest of atmosphei e or 

adjective — homelike The moment one steps 
.upon the porch of the St. James he believes 
he likes it ; when he has gone to his beau- 
tifully furnished room overlooking the lovely 
park he is certain of it; and before he has 
been a guest a day, he is ready to prove that 



may stroll among the shatle-embowered « alks of the p:irk." | 

Southern markets, including the delicately 
flavored tish fresh from the Southern waters, 
and a great variety of tropical fruits. The 
water used for drinking is rain-water filtered, 
and the ice is manufactured from distilled 
water, so as to insure its absolute purity. 



Between the broad and 
plaoKl Halifax and old 
ocs-an, on a nairow strip of 
land — a short half mile 
across — in the midst of a 
setting of the richest ver- 
dure, is one of the most 
ideal spots of earth. Here 
are combined the climate of 
the Riviera, the doUi far 



coast is the Coquina, at 
(Jrmond. It is a well- 
appointed and very 
c < > m f o r t a b 1 e house, 
wilhin twenty-five feet 
of the beach, which at 
this p (; i n t is several 
hundred feet wide and 
so hard and smooth that 
licycles or carriages 
oil over it as they 
uldover a floor, with- 





nientc of the tropics and the tonic of the sea. 

" Fair beautiful Oimoiid, mi emerald green 
E'er shone with a softer, richer sheen; 
I'he crystaline river and opaline sea 
Combine to form a setting for thee." 

It is a spot with a multitude of never-ending- 
attractions. Surrounded by some of the old- 
est and most lu.xurious orange groves in 
Florida and miles of beautiful "hammocks," 
as the tropical forests are called, the visitor 
may spend an entire winter there without 
exhausting one-half its pleasures or attrac- 
tions. Of the beautiful Hotel Ormond. of 
which Messrs. Anderson and Price are propri- 
etors, too much cannot be said. It is new, 
handsomely furnished, modern in every re- 
spect and exceedingly popular. If the trav- 
eller does not find everything at this ideal 
house to make "the very living a joy," he 
will not find it on this earth. No one who is 
gf)ing to spend even two days in Florida 
should miss Ormond. Jt is one of the earli- 
est resorts in the State, and offers particular 
attraction in January before the rush of the 
regular season begins. The chief object of 
life at Ormond is enjoyment. The ultra in 
fashion is banished, and riding, sailing and 
surf-bathing fill in time. People who are 
determined not to enjoy themselves had bet- 
ter stay away, as it is one of the social laws 
of the hotel that new-comers are hunted up 
at once and initiated into all the pleasures of 
the day. 

Visits to Pitts Island, trips up the tropical 
Tomoka, fishing at the Inlet or on the Hal- 
ifax, drives on the beach or through the 
beautiful hammocks, are all fascinating allure- 
Tuents at Ormond. There are many winter 
cottages here, and the cottage colony adds 
much to the social life. 
^' 'i'he most southerly hotel on the Atlantic 



out making the least indentation. From the 
broad porches of the Coquina, there is an 
unobstructed view of the ocean and the 
beach for many miles in either direction, 
(iay bathing parties may be seen directly in 
front of the house each day all winter long, 
a novel but none the less agreeable sight to 
one who has, perhaps only thirty-six hours 
before, fled from the winter tempests of the 
North. The Coquina is managed by Messrs. 




Seiser and Vining, and is one of the best 
houses in Florida. It offers every comfort, 
and its table is excellent. It remains open 
until Tune, for April and May are most 
delightful months at Ormond-by-the-Sea. 






''The Exposition Flyer ' 



FROM . . 




New York, 
Philadelphia, 
Baltimore and 
Washington 



TO THE 



f otton States and 

International Exposition, 



ATLANTA, GA.. 



Finest Morning Train out of New York 



And leaves Washington after business hours, 
placing sight-seers, tourists, pleasure-seekers 
and business men in Atlanta the following 
morning, enabling them to 

Spend the Day at the Exposition 

and return the same evening, if desired, ar- 
riving Washington noon the next day and 
New York in time for late dinner. 

Through F*ullman Cars and 

New Vestibuied Day Coaches, 

Together with the Fast and Convenient Schedule of this 
Train, insure Comfort and Satisfaction to its Patrons. 

Lv New York, ii oo A. M. 

SCHEDULE: Ar Washicgton. - - 4 lo P. M. 

(DAILY.) Lv Washington, - - 4 39 P. M. 

Ar Atlanta, 10 20 A. M. 

(Central Time. ) 

Returning, Lv Atlanta, 5 00 P. M. 

(Eastern Time. ) 

Ar Washington, - - 11 45 A. M. 
Lv Washington, - - 12 15 P. M. 
Ar New York, 6 23 P M. 



Washington and Southwestern Limited 

THROUGH PULLMAN CARS 



New York, Washington, 
Atlanta, New Orleans, 
Memphis, Jacksonville, Tampa, 

Hot Springs (N.C.), • * 

Asheville, • • 

C*The Land of the Sky.") 
Knoxville and Chattanooga. 

...DINING CAR SERVICE.... 

18 Hours Between Washington and Atlanta 

These trains will connect at New Orleans with the 
"Sunset Limited" to and from California, which 
will again be operated duringt he season 1895-96. 

The " U. 5. Fast Mail" now has a through con- 
nection between Atlanta and New Orleans, making 
complete double daily service between New York, 
Washington, Atlanta and New Orleans. 



Washington and Chattanooga Limited 

THROUGH PULLMAN CARS 

Between New York, Washington, New Orleans and Memphis. 



Fast and convenient schedules between Chattanooga and Atlanta, 

Jacksonville, B unswick and Savannah, with connections 

to and from Cincinnati, Louisville and Chicago 

via "Oueen and Crescent Route." 

3477-251 



• • 



Florida 

South 



And the 



VIA 



Southern • Railway 

FROM ALL POINTS 

East, West and Northwest. 



"United States Fast Mail" 



"Washington and Soiitiiwesteni Limited" 

Carry Through PuUman Sleeping Cars between 
New York, Washington and Jacksonville. 

THROUGH SLEEPING CAR SERVICE 

Via Chattanooga and Atlanta, 

BetA?v^een Cincinnati eind Jacksonville. 



DURING SEASON J895=96, THE FAMOUS 

"New York and Florida Short=Line Limited," 
"Cincinnati and Florida Vestibuled Limited" 

AM) 

*' Cincinnati and Florida Special" 

Will again be operated on fast and improved schedules with additional 

through Pullman Cars and the service will be of that superior 

character eiven only by the Southern Railway. 



The Southern ^^ 

IS THE ONLY RAILWAY 



PASSING THROUGH 



''The Land of the Sky 

AND BEYOND' 

(WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA) 
AND PLACES THESE 

Noted and 

Wonderful Resorts 

WITHIN EASY AND COMFORTABLE REACH OF THE 
HOST LUXURIOUS AM) EXPENSIVE TRAVELER. 



To 



FLORIDA 

.,« 5SUTHERN 



KfllLW/IT... 



IN THROUGH PULLMAN 
VESTIBULED SLEEPING CARS, 

From all points East, West and Northwest, and is the most comfort- 
able and interesting route to the Tourist and Health 5eeker. 

Announcement of complete Florida Service will be made at an 
early date 







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